Aggression and violence in the inner city - Effects of environment via mental fatigue
Aggression and violence in the inner city - Effects of environment via mental fatigue
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DOI：
10.1177/00139160121973124
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Sullivan, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuo, FE;Sullivan, WC
S.卡普兰认为，精神疲劳的一个结果可能是愤怒甚至暴力爆发的倾向增加。如果是这样的话，与大自然接触，似乎可以减轻精神疲劳，可能会减少侵略和暴力。本研究调查的可能性，在设置和人口相对较高的侵略率：市中心的城市公共住房居民。攻击水平进行了比较，145个城市公共住房居民随机分配到不同程度的附近的性质（树木和草地）的建筑物。注意力功能作为精神疲劳的指标进行评估。居住在相对贫瘠的建筑物中的居民比居住在绿色建筑物中的居民报告了更多的攻击和暴力行为。此外，精神疲劳的程度更高，在贫瘠的建筑物，和侵略伴随着精神疲劳。对所提出的机制和替代机制的测试表明，附近的性质和侵略之间的关系完全通过注意功能介导。
S. Kaplan suggested that one outcome of mental fatigue may be an increased propensity for outbursts of anger and even violence. If so, contact with nature, which appears to mitigate mental fatigue, may reduce aggression and violence. This study investigated that possibility in a setting and population with relatively high rates of aggression: inner-city urban public housing residents. Levels of aggression were compared for 145 urban public housing residents randomly assigned to buildings with varying levels of nearby nature (trees and grass). Attentional functioning was assessed as an index of mental fatigue. Residents living in relatively barren buildings reported more aggression and violence than did their counterparts in greener buildings. Moreover, levels of mental fatigue were higher in barren buildings, and aggression accompanied mental fatigue. Tests for the proposed mechanism and for alternative mechanisms indicated that the relationship between nearby nature and aggression was fully mediated through attentional functioning.