ANGIOTONIN-ACTIVATOR, RENIN- AND ANGIOTONIN-INHIBITOR, AND THE MECHANISM OF ANGIOTONIN TACHYPHYLAXIS IN NORMAL, HYPERTENSIVE, AND NEPHRECTOMIZED ANIMALS.
ANGIOTONIN-ACTIVATOR, RENIN- AND ANGIOTONIN-INHIBITOR, AND THE MECHANISM OF ANGIOTONIN TACHYPHYLAXIS IN NORMAL, HYPERTENSIVE, AND NEPHRECTOMIZED ANIMALS.
复制标题
血管紧张素激活剂、肾素和血管紧张素抑制剂，以及正常、高血压和肾切除动物中血管紧张素快速止动的机制。
DOI：
10.1084/jem.71.4.495
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发表时间：
1940-03-31
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
Helmer, O M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Page, I H;Helmer, O M
1.血管紧张素在缺乏红细胞和血清中所含的一种我们称之为“血管紧张素激活剂”的物质时不发挥其血管收缩作用。“已经从血液中分离出一部分，其中血管紧张素激活剂被浓缩。它含有很少或没有reninactivator。2.反复静脉注射血管紧张素使升压反应逐渐减弱，最后消失（快速耐受现象），但比注射肾素慢得多。当对血管紧张素的反应被消除时，肾素也不能起作用。大剂量的肾素降低并最终消除对血管紧张素的反应性。血液中的肾素激活剂耗尽会消除对肾素的反应，但不会消除对血管紧张素的反应。3.通过输注血管紧张素而使动物快速输血的血液中血管紧张素激活剂的含量大大降低。一种抑制剂也出现在血液中。4.双侧肾切除可抑制并显著提高血管紧张素和肾素注射后的动脉压升高。术后24 ~ 30小时增强最明显。当在离体灌注器官中测试时，来自这些动物的血液表现出极大增加的激活血管紧张素和肾素的能力。需要大量的血管紧张素来减少血液中的激活剂。肾素激活剂同时但几乎不受影响。5.将血管紧张素快速注射动物的血液输注到肾切除犬体内，可降低后者对血管紧张素的反应。当血管紧张素加入到输血接受者的血液中并通过兔子的耳朵灌注时，也表现出大大降低的血管收缩作用。6.将大量正常血液输注给肾切除或高血压的狗，可降低受体对肾素的反应。如果在供者中建立了肾素快速耐受性，则输血消除了受者对肾素的反应。当用肾素或血管紧张素通过离体器官灌注时，来自这些动物的血液显示出大大降低的血管收缩特性。7.对肾切除犬单次注射肾素后动脉压升高，犬血或正常犬血不能降低动脉压。8.肾切除的狗表现出最大的升压反应血管紧张素和肾素的输液，正常动物最少，和高血压动物之间的中间。
1. Angiotonin does not exert its vasoconstrictor effect in the absence of a substance contained in red blood cells and serum which we have called "angiotonin-activator." A fraction has been separated from blood in which angiotonin-activator is concentrated. It contains little or no reninactivator. 2. Repeated intravenous injections of angiotonin into animals causes the pressor response gradually to lessen and finally to disappear (the phenomenon of tachyphylaxis), but much more slowly than when renin is injected. When the response to angiotonin is abolished, renin also fails to act. Large doses of renin reduce and finally abolish the responsiveness to angiotonin. Exhaustion of renin-activator in the blood abolishes the response to renin without abolishing the response to angiotonin. 3. Blood from animals made tachyphylactic by infusion of angiotonin contains greatly reduced amounts of angiotonin-activator. An inhibitor also appears in the blood. 4. Bilateral nephrectomy prolongs and greatly enhances the rise of arterial pressure following injection of angiotonin and renin. The enhancement reaches a maximum in from 24 to 30 hours after operation. Blood from these animals exhibits greatly increased ability to activate angiotonin and renin when tested in isolated perfused organs. Large amounts of angiotonin are required to reduce the amount of activator in their blood. Renin-activator is simultaneously but little affected. 5. Tranfusion of blood from an animal made tachyphylactic to angiotonin into a nephrectomized dog reduces the response of the latter to angiotonin. Angiotonin when added to the blood of the recipient of the transfusion and perfused through a rabbit's ear also exhibits greatly reduced vasoconstrictor action. 6. Transfusion of normal blood in large amounts into nephrectomized or hypertensive dogs reduces the recipient's response to renin. If renintachyphylaxis is established in the donor, transfusion abolishes the response to renin in the recipient. The blood from such animals exhibits greatly reduced vasoconstrictor properties when perfused through an isolated organ with renin or angiotonin. 7. Renin-tachyphylactic or normals dog's blood does not reduce arterial pressure elevated by a single injection of renin into nephrectomized dogs. 8. Nephrectomized dogs exhibit the greatest pressor response to infusion of angiotonin and renin, normal animals the least, and hypertensive animals about midway between.