Performance metrics for nanofiltration-based selective separation for resource extraction and recovery
Performance metrics for nanofiltration-based selective separation for resource extraction and recovery
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DOI：
10.1038/s44221-023-00037-0
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发表时间：
2023-03
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通讯作者：
Ruoyu Wang;Rongrong He;Tao He;M. Elimelech;Shihong Lin
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作者：
Ruoyu Wang;Rongrong He;Tao He;M. Elimelech;Shihong Lin
膜过滤已广泛应用于各种水处理应用中，但其用于资源提取和回收的选择性溶质分离是一个新兴的研究领域。当膜过程应用于溶质-溶质分离以提取溶质作为产品时，性能指标和过程优化策略应不同于用于水生产的膜过程，因为分离目标是根本不同的。在这里，我们使用锂（Li）镁（Mg）分离作为一个代表性的溶质-溶质分离，以说明现有的性能评价框架的不足之处开发的水-溶质分离使用纳滤（NF）。我们进行了试样和模块规模的传质分析，以阐明膜性能和操作条件如何影响NF中Li/Mg分离的性能。值得注意的是，我们确定了Li/Mg选择性和Li回收率之间的重要操作权衡，这对于工艺优化至关重要。我们还建立了一个新的框架，用于评估膜性能的基础上，锂纯度和回收率的成功标准，并进一步扩展该框架与盐水中的目标离子的分离。该分析为NF基选择性溶质分离的性能评价和工艺优化奠定了理论基础。
Membrane filtration has been widely adopted in various water treatment applications, but its use in selective solute separation for resource extraction and recovery is an emerging research area. When a membrane process is applied for solute–solute separation to extract solutes as the product, the performance metrics and process optimization strategies should differ from a membrane process for water production because the separation goals are fundamentally different. Here we used lithium (Li) magnesium (Mg) separation as a representative solute–solute separation to illustrate the deficiency of existing performance evaluation framework developed for water–solute separation using nanofiltration (NF). We performed coupon- and module-scale analyses of mass transfer to elucidate how membrane properties and operating conditions affect the performance of Li/Mg separation in NF. Notably, we identified an important operational trade-off between Li/Mg selectivity and Li recovery, which is critical for process optimization. We also established a new framework for evaluating membrane performance based on the success criteria of Li purity and recovery and further extended this framework to separation with the target ions in the brine. This analysis lays the theoretical foundation for performance evaluation and process optimization for NF-based selective solute separation.