Metamemory in schizophrenia: Retrospective confidence ratings interact with neurocognitive deficits
Metamemory in schizophrenia: Retrospective confidence ratings interact with neurocognitive deficits
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.040
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Zink, Mathias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eifler, Sarah;Rausch, Franziska;Zink, Mathias
先前对精神分裂症患者的研究描述了与对照组相比，在信心方面区分正确和错误记忆的能力降低。这种元记忆偏见与妄想的出现和维持有关。与神经心理学表现和其他临床维度的关系尚未完全了解。在一项横断面研究中，探讨了32名精神分裂症患者和25名健康对照者的元记忆功能。元记忆进行了评估，使用口头识别任务结合回顾性置信水平评级。关联的元记忆性能与六个神经心理领域（执行功能/解决问题，处理速度，工作记忆，言语和视觉学习，注意力/警惕）和精神病理学的措施进行了分析。结果显示，在患者组中，正确和不正确的解释的置信度之间的差异显着较小。此外，患者在元记忆任务中的识别准确率显着降低，在所有神经心理领域的显着缺陷。在所有参与者中，元记忆表现与执行功能和工作记忆显着相关。没有发现与妄想的关联。这个数据证实了精神分裂症的元记忆偏见的先前发现。选择性神经心理能力似乎是元记忆功能的调节因素。需要对高危精神状态和首发患者进行纵向研究，以揭示因果关系。(C)2014爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Prior studies with schizophrenia patients described a reduced ability to discriminate between correct and false memories in terms of confidence compared to control groups. This metamemory bias has been associated with the emergence and maintenance of delusions. The relation to neuropsychological performance and other clinical dimensions is incompletely understood. In a cross-sectional study, metamemory functioning was explored in 32 schizophrenia patients and 25 healthy controls. Metamemory was assessed using a verbal recognition task combined with retrospective confidence level ratings. Associations of metamemory performance with six neuropsychological domains (executive functioning/problem solving, speed of processing, working memory, verbal and visual learning, and attention/vigilance) and psychopathological measures were analyzed. Results revealed a significantly smaller discrepancy between confidence ratings for correct and incorrect recognitions in the patient group. Furthermore, patients showed significantly lower recognition accuracy in the metamemory task and marked deficits in all neuropsychological domains. Across all participants, metamemory performance significantly correlated with executive functioning and working memory. No associations with delusions were found. This data confirms prior findings of metamemory biases in schizophrenia. Selective neuropsychological abilities seem to be modulating factors of metamemory functioning. Longitudinal studies in at risk mental state and first-episode patients are needed to reveal causal interrelations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.