Dopamine D4 receptor gene polymorphism (DRD4 VNTR) moderates real-world behavioural response to the food retail environment in children.
Dopamine D4 receptor gene polymorphism (DRD4 VNTR) moderates real-world behavioural response to the food retail environment in children.
复制标题
多巴胺D4受体基因多态性（DRD4 VNTR）调节对儿童食品零售环境的现实行为反应。
DOI：
10.1186/s12889-021-10160-w
复制
发表时间：
2021-02-03
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Dube L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paquet C;Portella AK;Moore S;Ma Y;Dagher A;Meaney MJ;Kennedy JL;Levitan RD;Silveira PP;Dube L
食品零售环境对食品相关和肥胖结果的影响的证据仍然不明确，但只有少数研究试图确定这种关系可能比其他人更强的亚人群。与多巴胺信号相关的遗传多态性与对奖励（如食物）的反应差异有关，可能是识别此类亚群的候选标记。本研究旨在调查多巴胺D4受体基因（DRD 4外显子III 48 bp VNTR多态性）的遗传变异是否调节了当地食品零售商对4至12岁儿童BMI和饮食的暴露之间的关联。从出生队列和在加拿大蒙特利尔进行的社区横断面研究中收集的数据相结合，以提供322名4至12岁儿童的DRD 4 VNTR多态性数据，即7-重复等位基因（DRD 4 - 7 R）的存在（M（SD）：6.8（2.8）y）。结果是体重指数（BMI）的年龄和能量密度来自食物频率问卷。食品环境表示为参与者居住地3公里内被归类为健康的当地食品零售商的比例。线性回归模型调整年龄，性别，收入，队列和地理聚类被用来测试基因 * 环境的相互作用。发现能量密度存在显著的基因 * 食物环境相互作用，结果表明DRD 4 - 7 R携带者比非携带者拥有更多的能量密度饮食，这种影响在生活在不健康食品零售商比例更高的地区的儿童中更为明显。没有证据表明DRD 4 VNTR和食物环境对BMI有主要或交互作用。本研究的结果表明，与多巴胺通路相关的遗传标记可以识别对不健康的当地食物环境具有潜在更大反应的儿童。未来的研究应该调查食物环境的其他因素，并测试结果是否适用于不同的人群。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s12889-021-10160-w获得。
Evidence for the impact of the food retailing environment on food-related and obesity outcomes remains equivocal, but only a few studies have attempted to identify sub-populations for whom this relationship might be stronger than others. Genetic polymorphisms related to dopamine signalling have been associated with differences in responses to rewards such as food and may be candidate markers to identify such sub-populations. This study sought to investigate whether genetic variation of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4 exon III 48 bp VNTR polymorphism) moderated the association between local exposure to food retailers on BMI and diet in a sample of 4 to12-year-old children. Data collected from a birth cohort and a community cross-sectional study conducted in Montreal, Canada, were combined to provide DRD4 VNTR polymorphism data in terms of presence of the 7-repeat allele (DRD4-7R) for 322 children aged between 4 and 12 (M (SD): 6.8(2.8) y). Outcomes were Body Mass Index (BMI) for age and energy density derived from a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Food environment was expressed as the proportion of local food retailers classified as healthful within 3 km of participants’ residence. Linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, income, cohort, and geographic clustering were used to test gene*environment interactions. A significant gene*food environment interaction was found for energy density with results indicating that DRD4-7R carriers had more energy dense diets than non-carriers, with this effect being more pronounced in children living in areas with proportionally more unhealthy food retailers. No evidence of main or interactive effects of DRD4 VNTR and food environment was found for BMI. Results of the present study suggest that a genetic marker related to dopamine pathways can identify children with potentially greater responsiveness to unhealthy local food environment. Future studies should investigate additional elements of the food environment and test whether results hold across different populations. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10160-w.