Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosics with Continuous Irradiation of Supersonic Wave
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosics with Continuous Irradiation of Supersonic Wave
复制标题
连续超声波辐照木质纤维素的酶水解
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb18268.x
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
M. Kimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Nakao;K. Fukunaga;Y. Yasuda;M. Kimura
纤维素是地球上最丰富的有机材料。为了对其利用，人们在热解、燃烧、微生物消化、水解等方面进行了大量的工作。水解使得葡萄糖的生产成为可能，葡萄糖可作为酒精、蛋白质和化学产品的原料。由于纤维素不溶且无法渗透到活细胞中，自然界中纤维素的生物降解速度很慢。有两种工业过程可用于进行水解：酸过程和酶过程。与酸水解相比，酶水解更具优势，因为它不需要能够耐受困难操作条件的特殊设备，此外，它提供了质量更好的产品。通过酶法利用生物质（木质纤维素）中的纤维素仍然存在一些问题。反应缓慢、效率低，主要是由于纤维素的结晶度高、木质素的存在和比表面积低。*，为了提高不溶性纤维素的酶解速率，提高纤维素酶的利用率，在水解过程中不断更新基材表面至关重要。它提供了一个新的底物表面以供酶吸附和水解，并且还使吸附在底物内表面上的失活酶重新活化。这一原理之前是通过对填充塔和球磨反应器中的水解分析得出的。 ~于是，超声波连续照射下的水解就是根据这个原理进行的。这项工作的目的是（a）更好地了解酶和底物之间的相互作用，（b）了解木质素对水解的影响，以及（c）检查我们的动力学模型的适用性。
Cellulose is the most abundant organic material on Earth. For its utilization, much work has been carried out on pyrolysis, combustion, microbial digestion, hydrolysis, and so on.’ The hydrolysis makes possible the production of glucose, which serves as a raw material for alcohol, proteins, and chemical products. The biodegradation of cellulose in nature is slow because of the insolubility of cellulose and its failure to permeate into living cells. There are two industrial processes that can be used to carry out hydrolysis: the acid and enzymatic processes. The enzymatic hydrolysis is more advantageous compared to the acid hydrolysis because it requires no special equipment resistant to difficult operating conditions and, in addition, it provides products of better quality. The utilization of cellulose from biomass (lignocellulosics) with the enzymatic process still presents some problems. The reaction is slow and the efficiencies are low, due mainly to the high crystallinity of the cellulose, the presence of lignin, and the low specific surface area.*,’ In order to enhance the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis of insoluble cellulose and to improve the use of cellulase, it is essential to renew a surface of the substrate continuously during hydrolysis. It provides a new surface of the substrate to be adsorbed and hydrolyzed by the enzyme and it also reactivates a deactivated enzyme adsorbed in the inner surface of the substrate. This principle was previously derived from an analysis on the hydrolysis in a packed column as well as in a ball-mill r e a ~ t o r . ~ Thus, the hydrolysis under continuous irradiation of supersonic wave was carried out according to this principle. The purpose of this work is (a) to understand better an interaction between enzyme and substrate, (b) to know an effect of lignin on the hydrolysis, and (c) to examine the applicability of our kinetic model.