Determinants of Women's Entry into Self–Employment
Determinants of Women's Entry into Self–Employment
复制标题
妇女进入自营职业的决定因素
DOI：
10.1111/1540-6237.00119
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Hiromi Taniguchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hiromi Taniguchi
Objective.最近的研究表明，如何就业和家庭相关的特点是独特的交织在一起，促进妇女的决定为自己工作的基础上，我研究的过程中，过渡到自营职业的白色，非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔妇女。方法.本研究分析了全国青年纵向调查的数据，这是1957年至1964年出生的人的全国概率样本，这使我能够应用动态模型来研究女性的就业转型。结果不论种族或族裔，工作经验和配偶的存在等因素都鼓励妇女成为自营职业者。与此同时，这些特征在非裔美国妇女中的分布，以及在较小程度上在拉丁美洲妇女中的分布，在很大程度上说明了她们进入自营职业的速度较慢。早期的研究往往发现，子女对妇女，特别是白人妇女从事自营职业的影响是积极的，但这种影响好坏参半。结论.这些调查结果表明，在妇女自营职业过程中存在着明显的种族/民族差异，并对自营职业使职业母亲能够比工资/薪金部门就业更好地将其职业与家庭责任联合收割机结合起来的观点提出了质疑。
Objective. Building on recent studies that have shown how employment– and family–related characteristics are uniquely intertwined in facilitating women's decisions to work for themselves, I examine the process of transitions into self–employment among white, African–American, and Hispanic women. Methods. This study analyzes data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, a national probability sample of those born between 1957 and 1964, which allows me to apply a dynamic model for studying women's employment transitions. Results. Regardless of race or ethnicity, factors such as work experience and the presence of a spouse encourage women to become self–employed. At the same time, the distributions of these characteristics for African–American women, and to a lesser extent Latinas as well, significantly account for their slower entry into self–employment. The effect of children on women's entry into self–employment, which earlier studies often found to be positive, especially among whites, is mixed. Conclusions. These findings reveal significant racial/ethnic differences in the process of female self–employment and also call into question the view that self–employment allows working mothers to better combine their careers with family responsibilities than does wage/salary sector employment.