Multi-Component Quantum Hall Systems: The Sum of their Parts and More
Multi-Component Quantum Hall Systems: The Sum of their Parts and More
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多组件量子霍尔系统：各部分的总和及更多内容
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Macdonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Girvin;A. Macdonald
分数量子霍尔效应的物理学是将相互作用的电子限制在宏观简并的朗道能级上的物理学。在本章中，我们将讨论在电子除了二维轨道自由度之外还有其他自由度的系统中量子霍尔效应的理论。我们主要感兴趣的是简并朗道能级内每个轨道态有有限个态的情况，通常是两个，我们将把这些系统称为多组分系统。附加自由度的物理实现包括电子自旋、多谷半导体中的谷指数和多量子阱系统中的层指数。多组分系统的考虑扩展了不可压缩状态和分数荷电激发的分类，例如，导致出现具有偶数阶的分数。更有趣的是，它还引导我们走向新的物理学，包括新颖的自发破缺对称性，以及在某些情况下的有限温度相变。我们介绍了这个丰富的主题。出现在：低维半导体结构中的新型量子液体，由Sankar Das Sarma和Aron Pinczuk编辑（Wiley，纽约，1995年）。
The physics of the fractional quantum Hall effect is the physics of interacting electrons confined to a macroscopically degenerate Landau level. In this Chapter we discuss the theory of the quantum Hall effect in systems where the electrons have degrees of freedom in addition to the two-dimensional orbital degree of freedom. We will be primarily interested in the situation where a finite number of states, most-commonly two, are available for each orbital state within a degenerate Landau level and will refer to these systems as multicomponent systems. Physical realizations of the additional degree of freedom include the electron spin, the valley index in multi-valley semiconductors, and the layer index in multiple-quantum-well systems. The consideration of multi-component systems expands the taxonomy of incompressible states and fractionally charged excitations, and for example, leads to the appearance of fractions with even denominators. More interestingly, it also leads us to new physics, including novel spontaneously broken symmetries and in some cases, finite temperature phase transitions. We present an introduction to this rich subject. To appear in: Novel Quantum Liquids in Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures, edited by Sankar Das Sarma and Aron Pinczuk (Wiley, New York, 1995).