Intravenous aminophylline dosage. Use of serum theophylline measurement for guidance.
Intravenous aminophylline dosage. Use of serum theophylline measurement for guidance.
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静脉注射氨茶碱剂量。
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1976.03260450022023
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发表时间：
1976
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Petty
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Weinberger;R. Matthay;E. Ginchansky;C. Chidsey;T. Petty
一种实用的监测茶碱血药浓度的方法已被用于研究静脉注射氨茶碱的剂量需求。最初的血清茶碱浓度变化很大，与服药史的相关性很小。与在不知道血清茶碱浓度的情况下进行治疗时相比，根据这些值确定的氨茶碱负荷剂量更常导致治疗范围内的药物浓度(10-20微克/毫升)。持续静脉注射标准剂量的氨茶碱(成人为0.9 mg/kg/小时，儿童为1.0 mg/kg/小时)可产生可变且往往超标的血药浓度。这是由于药物清除率不同造成的，成年人的平均清除率为0.64+/-0.38毫升/公斤/分钟(平均+/-SD)，仅为先前报道的一半。这些观察结果表明，如果不监测茶碱的血药浓度，就不可能达到最佳的治疗剂量。
A practical method for monitoring serum theophylline concentrations has been used to investigate intravenous aminophylline dosage requirements. Initial serum theophylline concentrations were found to vary widely and correlate poorly with drug history. Aminophylline loading doses determined from these values more frequently resulted in drug concentrations in the therapeutic range (10 mug to 20 mug/ml) than when therapy was given without knowledge of serum theophylline concentrations. Continuous intravenous aminophylline therapy administered in a standardized dosage (0.9 mg/kg/hr in adults and 1.0 mg/kg/hr in children) produced variable and often excessive serum concentrations. This resulted from variable drug clearance rates, which in adults averaged 0.64 +/- 0.38 ml/kg/min (mean +/- SD), only half that previously reported. These observations suggest that it is not possible to achieve optimal therapeutic aminophylline dosage without monitoring serum theophylline concentrations.