Lipophilic Toxins in Galicia (NW Spain) between 2014 and 2017: Incidence on the Main Molluscan Species and Analysis of the Monitoring Efficiency
Lipophilic Toxins in Galicia (NW Spain) between 2014 and 2017: Incidence on the Main Molluscan Species and Analysis of the Monitoring Efficiency
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DOI：
10.3390/toxins11100612
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Morono, Angeles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blanco, Juan;Arevalo, Fabiola;Morono, Angeles
加利西亚是一个拥有强大的贻贝水产养殖业的地区，此外还有其他重要的双壳软体动物渔业。2014至2017年间，对18,862个样本进行了欧盟监管的海洋亲脂毒素分析。冈田酸(OA)是最普遍的毒素，也是唯一一种产生收获闭锁的毒素。浮筏贻贝中的毒素浓度一般高于其他双壳类中记录的毒素浓度，因此有理由使用该物种作为指标。Pontevedra和Muros的Ria受OA和DTX2的影响最大，YTXs的Ria of Ares受影响最大。总体而言，受OA和DTX2影响较大的是RIA的外部区域，而不是内部区域。OA水平在春季达到最大值，而DTX2几乎完全限于秋冬季节。YTXs在8-9月达到顶峰。除贻贝和扇贝外，所有研究的双壳贝类中，OA组的毒素几乎完全酯化。使用目前的监测系统，中毒的风险很低。在不到2%的病例中，在一个地区首次发现的OA是否超过了监管限制。在任何情况下，都不可能对人类产生任何影响。表观中毒率和净化率相似且直接相关，表明表观中毒率主要受海洋学特征的影响。
Galicia is an area with a strong mussel aquaculture industry in addition to other important bivalve mollusc fisheries. Between 2014 and 2017, 18,862 samples were analyzed for EU regulated marine lipophilic toxins. Okadaic acid (OA) was the most prevalent toxin and the only single toxin that produced harvesting closures. Toxin concentrations in raft mussels were generally higher than those recorded in other bivalves, justifying the use of this species as an indicator. The Rias of Pontevedra and Muros were the ones most affected by OA and DTX2 and the Ria of Ares by YTXs. In general, the outer areas of the Rias were more affected by OA and DTX2 than the inner ones. The OA level reached a maximum in spring, while DTX2 was almost entirely restricted to the fall-winter season. YTXs peaked in August-September. The toxins of the OA group were nearly completely esterified in all the bivalves studied except mussels and queen scallops. Risk of intoxication with the current monitoring system is low. In less than 2% of cases did the first detection of OA in an area exceed the regulatory limit. In no case, could any effect on humans be expected. The apparent intoxication and depuration rates were similar and directly related, suggesting that the rates are regulated mainly by oceanographic characteristics.