INSULIN AND INSULIN-RECEPTORS IN RODENT BRAIN
INSULIN AND INSULIN-RECEPTORS IN RODENT BRAIN
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00254492
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
ROTH, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HAVRANKOVA, J;BROWNSTEIN, M;ROTH, J
虽然胰岛素通过低血糖对中枢神经系统(CNS)的影响是众所周知的，但胰岛素对中枢神经系统的直接作用仍然存在争议。最近，我们发现大鼠大脑的所有区域都有胰岛素受体，其中嗅球、大脑皮层和下丘脑的浓度最高；所有参与摄食的区域都有胰岛素受体。从多个标准来看，大脑中的胰岛素受体与肝脏和脂肪等经典胰岛素靶组织上的胰岛素受体相似。胰岛素本身在大鼠大脑中的浓度平均比血浆高出十倍。在嗅球和下丘脑中的浓度最高。脑胰岛素在放射免疫测定、放射受体测定、生物测定和凝胶层析中的行为与纯化的胰岛素无明显区别。在代表极端血浆胰岛素浓度的两个实验模型(肥胖高胰岛素血症小鼠和糖尿病胰岛素缺乏大鼠)中，脑内胰岛素受体浓度没有显着变化，而肝脏受体以预期的方式改变。这可能反映了血脑屏障或某些特殊性质的脑胰岛素受体的保护性影响。在两种模型中，脑内胰岛素浓度也没有变化，这可能表明局部合成了胰岛素。胰岛素在中枢神经系统中的作用尚不清楚。除了众所周知的胰岛素代谢作用外，还可以推测新的作用，如神经传递、神经调节和旁分泌信号。
While insulin effects on the central nervous system (CNS) mediated through hypoglycaemia are well known, direct insulin effects on the CNS remain controversial. Recently, we found insulin receptors in all areas of the rat brain, with highest concentrations in the olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex and hypothalamus; all areas involved in feeding. Insulin receptors in brain were, by multiple criteria, similar to insulin receptors on classical target tissues for insulin, such as liver and fat. Insulin itself has been identified in the rat brain at concentrations on average ten times higher than in plasma. Highest concentrations were found in the olfactory bulb and hypothalamus. Brain insulin was indistinguishable from purified insulin by its behaviour in the radioimmunoassay, radioreceptor assay, bioassay and gel chromatography. In two experimental models representing extremes of plasma insulin concentrations (obese hyperinsulinaemic mice and diabetic insulinopenic rats) there were no significant changes in the concentration of insulin receptors in brain while liver receptors were modified in the expected way. This may reflect the protective influence of the blood-brain barrier or some special quality of brain insulin receptors. Insulin concentrations in brain were also unchanged in both models, which is probably indicative of the local synthesis of insulin. The role of insulin in the CNS is unknown. Besides well known metabolic actions of insulin, new roles can be postulated such as neurotransmission, neuromodulation and paracrine signalling.