Slipping through the cracks: Just how underrepresented are minorities within the dental specialties?
Slipping through the cracks: Just how underrepresented are minorities within the dental specialties?
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滑过裂缝：牙科专业中少数族裔的代表性不足？
DOI：
10.1111/jphd.12520
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
牙科劳动力缺乏多样性。牙科学校内部为加强对代表性不足的少数族裔（URM）的招募和留用做出了努力，但在通过教育和实践对URM从业者进行追踪方面却几乎没有采取什么措施。本研究评估了牙科各专科劳动力多样性的状况以及URM牙医选择专科的预测因素。
所使用的主要数据是2012年对美国的西班牙裔/拉丁裔（H/L）、黑人或美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民（AI/AN）牙医进行的全国抽样调查，并辅以公开的劳动力数据。进行了描述性和多变量统计分析，以描述URM临床全科和专科牙医的人口构成，并分析不同年龄组中URM选择专科的比例变化、专科类型的差异以及专科医生与其患者之间的种族一致性。
在专科实践中，URM牙医数量更少，这条路径继续变窄。在所有URM临床牙医中，那些是家族中第一个获得大学学位的人，由于债务负担而强烈希望在自己的文化社区工作或加入贷款偿还计划的人，独立地预示着选择专科的几率较低。相反，最初在国外接受牙医培训以及重视专业培训则独立地预示着选择专科的几率较高。
牙科各专科缺乏多样性是我们的教育和医疗服务体系中的一个严重缺陷，需要采取明确的行动来改善URM学生进入住院医师培训项目的路径。
There is a lack of diversity in the dental workforce. Efforts to enhance underrepresented minority (URM) recruitment and retention within dental school exist, but little effort has been made to track URM providers through education and practice. This study assesses the status of workforce diversity in the dental specialties and the predictors of URM dentist specialization. The primary data used were a 2012 national sample survey of Hispanic/Latino (H/L), Black, or American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) dentists in the US, supplemented by publicly available workforce data. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to describe the demographic composition of URM clinical general and specialist dentists and analyze changes in proportions of URMs specializing among age cohorts, differences in specific type of specialization, and racial concordance between specialists and their patients. The pathway continues to winnow with fewer URM dentists in specialty practice. Among all URM clinical dentists being first in his/her family to obtain a college degree, having a strong desire to work in his/her own cultural community or joining a loan repayment program due to debt load independently predicted lower odds of specialization. Alternatively, being initially foreign trained as a dentist and valuing professional training were independently predictive of higher odds of specialization. The lack of diversity within the dental specialties is a critical flaw in our education and care delivery systems demanding clear actions toward improving the pathway into residency programs for URM students.
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影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Mertz, Elizabeth A.;Wides, Cynthia D.;Gates, Paul E.
通讯作者：
Gates, Paul E.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Peterson, NB;Friedman, RH;Carr, PL
通讯作者：
Carr, PL
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Surdu, Simona;Mertz, Elizabeth;Moore, Jean
通讯作者：
Moore, Jean
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Chaviano-Moran, Rosa;Chuck, Emil;Perez, Herminio
通讯作者：
Perez, Herminio
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Mertz, Elizabeth;Wides, Cynthia;Gates, Paul E.
通讯作者：
Gates, Paul E.