On full-scale avalanche measurements at the Ryggfonn test site, Norway
On full-scale avalanche measurements at the Ryggfonn test site, Norway
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.09.010
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发表时间：
2007-07
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
P. Gauer;D. Issler;K. Lied;K. Kristensen;H. Iwe;E. Lied;L. Rammer;H. Schreiber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Gauer;D. Issler;K. Lied;K. Kristensen;H. Iwe;E. Lied;L. Rammer;H. Schreiber
雪崩测量在Ryggfonn试验场，挪威，在几个冬季进行了分析，重点是识别不同的流态和估计流量密度。测量包括安装在轨道内两个位置的测压元件的冲击压力读数和与捕捉坝的上游斜坡齐平的载荷板的应力读数。根据测压元件读数之间的互相关以及在某些情况下根据多普勒雷达测量值，将压力测量值与速度估计值相结合。在大多数情况下，可以识别在更致密部分前面的跃变（流化）层。多普勒雷达测量证实了一个快速移动的头部，在某些瞬间之前是一个较慢的鼻子，从头部到尾部的速度逐渐降低。计算的加速度（减速度）表明，有效摩擦参数变化强烈，并取决于流态。
Avalanche measurements carried out at the Ryggfonn test site, Norway, during several winter seasons are analyzed with emphasis on recognizing different flow regimes and estimating flow densities. Measurements include impact pressure readings from load cells mounted at two locations within the track and stress readings from load plates flush with the upstream slope of a catching dam. Pressure measurements were combined with velocity estimates based on cross correlations between the load cell readings and, in several cases, on Doppler radar measurements. In most cases a saltation (fluidized) layer in front of a more dense part could be identified. Doppler radar measurements confirm a fast moving head, in some instants preceded by a slower snout, and decreasing speed from the head to the tail. Calculated accelerations (decelerations) indicate that the effective friction parameter varies strongly and depends on the flow regime.