Feasibility of a caregiver-assisted exercise program for preterm infants.
Feasibility of a caregiver-assisted exercise program for preterm infants.
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早产儿护理人员协助锻炼计划的可行性。
DOI：
10.1097/jpn.0b013e31828b244a
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Olshansky,Ellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McQueen,Dana;Lakes,Kimberley;Rich,Julia;Vaughan,Jessica;Hayes,Gillian;Cooper,Dan;Olshansky,Ellen
越来越多的证据表明，低出生体重和早产与成年后严重的健康问题有关，包括体脂增加、健康下降、骨矿化不良、肺部问题和心血管疾病。有数据表明，早产儿增加体力活动将对短期肌肉量和脂肪量产生影响，但我们也假设，在生命早期增加体力活动可以改善成年后的健康状况。由于很少有研究涉及增加早产儿的身体活动，本研究的目的是评估护理人员（主要是母亲）是否可以从护士和其他医疗保健提供者那里学习，在婴儿出院后实施辅助婴儿运动计划的可行性。10名早产儿护理人员由护士、职业治疗师和其他医疗保健提供者指导进行辅助婴儿运动，并指导他们每天进行大约3周的运动。研究人员进行了家访，并进行了定性访谈，以了解护理人员对这种锻炼方案的体验。定量数据包括护理人员每天完成的练习日志，以衡量依从性，以及录像护理人员的会话，用于记录错误，作为对锻炼技术熟练程度的衡量。平均而言，护理人员在参与研究的92%的日子里完成了每日日志，并在记录的93%的日子里报告了锻炼。当表现出对练习技巧的熟练程度时，护理人员在两次测试中平均犯1.8个错误（每次测试最多23个或35个项目）。所有的护理人员都认为这些练习对他们的婴儿有益，许多人报告说，这些干预措施促进了他们与婴儿的联系。几乎所有的人都报告说，在最初几天的家庭练习中，他们感到“害怕”伤害他们的孩子，但他们表示，通过在家练习和进一步的教与学，恐惧减轻了。照顾者愿意并且能够正确地做这些练习，他们表示相信干预对他们的孩子和照顾者与婴儿的互动有积极的影响。这些发现对护理实践具有重要意义，因为护士在教导和鼓励护理人员与新生儿一起练习这些练习方面处于关键地位。
Mounting evidence shows that low-birth-weight and prematurity are related to serious health problems in adulthood, including increased body fat, decreased fitness, poor bone mineralization, pulmonary problems, and cardiovascular disease. There are data to suggest that increasing physical activity in preterm infants will have effects on short-term muscle mass and fat mass, but we also hypothesized that increasing physical activity early in life can lead to improved health outcomes in adulthood. Because few studies have addressed the augmentation of physical activity in premature babies, the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of whether caregivers (mostly mothers) can learn from nurses and other healthcare providers to implement a program of assisted infant exercise following discharge. Ten caregivers of preterm infants were taught by nurses, along with occupational therapists and other healthcare providers, to perform assisted infant exercise and instructed to conduct the exercises daily for approximately 3 weeks. The researchers made home visits and conducted qualitative interviews to understand the caregivers' experiences with this exercise protocol. Quantitative data included a caregiver's daily log of the exercises completed to measure adherence as well as videotaped caregiver sessions, which were used to record errors as a measure of proficiency in the exercise technique. On average, the caregivers completed a daily log on 92% of the days enrolled in the study and reported performing the exercises on 93% of the days recorded. Caregivers made an average of 1.8 errors on 2 tests (with a maximum of 23 or 35 items on each, respectively) when demonstrating proficiency in the exercise techniques. All caregivers described the exercises as beneficial for their infants, and many reported that these interventions fostered increased bonding with their babies. Nearly all reported feeling “scared” of hurting their babies during the first few days of home exercise but stated that fears were alleviated by practice in the home and further teaching and learning. Caregivers were willing and able to do the exercises correctly, and they expressed a belief that the intervention had positive effects on their babies and on caregiver-infant interactions. These findings have important implications for nursing practice because nurses are in key positions to teach and encourage caregivers to practice these exercises with their newborn babies.