Neural mechanisms of automatic and direct processing of phobogenic stimuli in specific phobia
Neural mechanisms of automatic and direct processing of phobogenic stimuli in specific phobia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.013
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发表时间：
2006-01-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Miltner, WHR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Straube, T;Mentzel, HJ;Miltner, WHR
背景资料：本研究旨在确定大脑激活过程中的直接和自动处理的phobogenic刺激在specific phobies.Methods：反应恐惧相关的和中性的图片（蜘蛛和蘑菇）通过事件相关功能磁共振成像测量在两个不同的任务。在识别任务中，受试者被要求识别物体（蜘蛛或蘑菇）。在一项要求很高的分心任务中，受试者必须匹配图片前景中显示的几何图形。在识别任务中，恐惧症患者的左杏仁核、左前扣带回、左前扣带回和左背内侧前额叶皮层对蜘蛛的反应比蘑菇的反应更大;在分心任务中，恐惧症患者的左杏仁核和右杏仁核对蜘蛛的反应比蘑菇的反应更大。所有这些激活也显着增加相比，控制受试者谁没有表现出更强的大脑激活蜘蛛与蘑菇在任何task condition.Conclusions：我们的研究结果提出了具体的神经相关的自动与直接评估恐惧症相关的威胁。虽然杏仁核，特别是右杏仁核，似乎是至关重要的参与自动刺激处理，激活的arc-as，如前额叶皮层，ACC和DMPFC，而与直接的威胁评估，需要足够的注意力资源。
Background: The study aimed to identify brain activation during direct and automatic processing of phobogenic stimuli in specific phobia.Methods: Responses to phobia-related and neutral pictures (spiders and mushrooms) were measured by means of event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging during two different tasks. In the identification task, subjects were asked to identify the object (spider or mushroom). In a demanding distraction task, subjects had to match geometric figures displayed in the foreground of the pictures.Results. Phobics showed greater responses to spiders versus mushrooms in the left amygdala, left insula, left anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC), and left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) during the identification task and in the left and right amygdala during the distraction task. All of these activations were also significantly increased compared to control subjects who did not show stronger brain activation to spiders versus mushrooms under any task condition.Conclusions: Our findings propose specific neural correlates of automatic versus direct evaluation of phobia-relevant threat. While the amygdala, especially the right amygdala, seems to be crucially involved in automatic stimuli processing, activation of arc-as such as the insula, ACC and DMPFC is rather associated with direct threat evaluation and requires sufficient attentional resources.