Apheis:: Health impact assessment of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in 23 European cities
Apheis:: Health impact assessment of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in 23 European cities
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DOI：
10.1007/s10654-006-9014-0
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Eilstein, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boldo, Elena;Medina, Sylvia;Eilstein, Daniel
简介：Apheis 旨在为欧洲决策者、环境健康专业人士和公众提供有关空气污染 (AP) 和公共卫生 (PH) 的最新且易于使用的信息。在 Apheis-3 阶段，我们根据可归因的死亡人数和 23 个欧洲城市的预期寿命的潜在增长，量化了长期暴露于 PM2.5（颗粒物 < 2.5 μm）对 PH 的影响。方法：我们遵循世界卫生组织 (WHO) 健康影响评估 (HIA) 方法和 Apheis 数据收集和分析指南。我们使用 PSAS-9 创建的程序进行归因病例计算，并使用 WHO 软件 AirQ 来估计预期寿命的潜在增长。对于大多数城市，PM2.5 水平是使用本地或欧洲转换系数根据 PM10 测量值计算得出的。结果：HIA估计，如果每个城市长期暴露于PM2.5水平降低至15μg/m(3)，每年可避免16,926例各种原因造成的过早死亡，其中包括11,612例心肺死亡和1901例肺癌死亡。同样，这一减少将使 Apheis 城市 30 岁时的预期寿命增加一个月至两年以上。结论：除了可归因的病例数之外，我们的 HIA 还估计了长期接触的预期寿命的潜在增长。新粒子，有助于更好的定量。 AP 对欧洲公共卫生的影响。
Introduction: Apheis aims to provide European decision makers, environmental-health professionals and the general public with up-to-date and easy-to-use information on air pollution (AP) and public health (PH). In the Apheis-3 phase we quantified the PH impact of long-term exposure to PM2.5 ( particulate matter < 2.5 mu m) in terms of attributable number of deaths and the potential gain in life expectancy in 23 European cities. Methods: We followed the World Health Organization ( WHO) methodology for Health Impact Assessment ( HIA) and the Apheis guidelines for data collection and analysis. We used the programme created by PSAS-9 for attributable-cases calculations and the WHO software AirQ to estimate the potential gain in life expectancy. For most cities, PM2.5 levels were calculated from PM10 measurements using a local or European conversion factor. Results: The HIA estimated that 16,926 premature deaths from all causes, including 11,612 cardiopulmonary deaths and 1901 lung-cancer deaths, could be prevented annually if long-term exposure to PM2.5 levels were reduced to 15 mu g/m(3) in each city. Equivalently, this reduction would increase life expectancy at age 30 by a range between one month and more than two years in the Apheis cities. Conclusions: In addition to the number of attributable cases, our HIA has estimated the potential gain in life expectancy for long-term exposure to. ne particles, contributing to a better quanti. cation of the impact of AP on PH in Europe.