Live strong and prosper: the importance of skeletal muscle strength for healthy ageing.
Live strong and prosper: the importance of skeletal muscle strength for healthy ageing.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10522-015-9631-7
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Philp A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLeod M;Breen L;Hamilton DL;Philp A
由于发达国家医疗保健、饮食和基础设施的改善，自 1840 年以来，预期寿命每十年增加约 2 岁。因此，到 2050 年，四分之一的欧洲人口将超过 65 岁，半个世纪内增长了 10%。随着这种快速增长，老龄化疾病的患病率和相关医疗保健支出也随之增加。为了解决全球老龄化对健康的影响，对模型系统（蠕虫、苍蝇和小鼠）的研究表明，通过降低蛋白质合成率来降低器官生长率，可以对多器官健康产生好处，从而共同延长寿命。相比之下，人类临床前、临床和大型队列前瞻性研究表明，衰老会导致骨骼肌合成代谢（即生长）受损，进而导致肌肉质量和力量下降，而这些因素与老年人死亡率直接相关。因此，通过运动或蛋白质营养增加肌肉蛋白质合成可以保持强壮、健康的肌肉质量，从而改善健康、独立性和功能性。本综述的目的是批评当前有关在整个生命周期中维持肌肉质量的文献，并讨论维持或减少蛋白质合成是否是支持肌肉骨骼功能以及健康人类衰老的最合理方法。
Due to improved health care, diet and infrastructure in developed countries, since 1840 life expectancy has increased by approximately 2 years per decade. Accordingly, by 2050, a quarter of Europe’s population will be over 65 years, representing a 10 % rise in half a century. With this rapid rise comes an increased prevalence of diseases of ageing and associated healthcare expenditure. To address the health consequences of global ageing, research in model systems (worms, flies and mice) has indicated that reducing the rate of organ growth, via reductions in protein synthetic rates, has multi-organ health benefits that collectively lead to improvements in lifespan. In contrast, human pre-clinical, clinical and large cohort prospective studies demonstrate that ageing leads to anabolic (i.e. growth) impairments in skeletal muscle, which in turn leads to reductions in muscle mass and strength, factors directly associated with mortality rates in the elderly. As such, increasing muscle protein synthesis via exercise or protein-based nutrition maintains a strong, healthy muscle mass, which in turn leads to improved health, independence and functionality. The aim of this review is to critique current literature relating to the maintenance of muscle mass across lifespan and discuss whether maintaining or reducing protein synthesis is the most logical approach to support musculoskeletal function and by extension healthy human ageing.