The marine fish food web is globally connected
The marine fish food web is globally connected
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-019-0950-y
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Gravel, Dominique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albouy, Camille;Archambault, Philippe;Gravel, Dominique
海洋生态系统的生产力及其为人类提供的服务在很大程度上取决于猎物和捕食者之间复杂的相互作用。这些都是嵌入在一个多样化的网络营养相互作用，导致一系列事件后，如物种灭绝的扰动。然而，海洋的庞大规模使得无法通过重新取样来描述海洋摄食网络的特征。这项工作应该依靠广泛的数据和推理的结合。在这里，我们调查如何在全球范围内的营养相互作用的分布形状的海洋鱼类食物网结构。我们假设，在地理区域的物种分布范围的异质性应集中在最温暖的地区和物种组内的相互作用。我们发现，推断全球海洋鱼类的元网络，即所有可能的潜在共同出现的物种之间的喂养联系，是高度连接的地理空间模块化程度低。网络结构的变化与海表温度有关，并趋向于在热带达到峰值。与开放水域群落相比，沿海食物网具有更大的相互作用冗余，这可能会使物种灭绝具有鲁棒性。我们的结果表明，海洋生态系统是相互联系的，但由于大多数地点的鲁棒性很高，因此对扰动表现出一定的抵抗力。
The productivity of marine ecosystems and the services they provide to humans are largely dependent on complex interactions between prey and predators. These are embedded in a diverse network of trophic interactions, resulting in a cascade of events following perturbations such as species extinction. The sheer scale of oceans, however, precludes the characterization of marine feeding networks through de novo sampling. This effort ought instead to rely on a combination of extensive data and inference. Here we investigate how the distribution of trophic interactions at the global scale shapes the marine fish food web structure. We hypothesize that the heterogeneous distribution of species ranges in biogeographic regions should concentrate interactions in the warmest areas and within species groups. We find that the inferred global metaweb of marine fish-that is, all possible potential feeding links between co-occurring species-is highly connected geographically with a low degree of spatial modularity. Metrics of network structure correlate with sea surface temperature and tend to peak towards the tropics. In contrast to open-water communities, coastal food webs have greater interaction redundancy, which may confer robustness to species extinction. Our results suggest that marine ecosystems are connected yet display some resistance to perturbations because of high robustness at most locations.