The use of peer optic nerve photographs for teaching direct ophthalmoscopy.
The use of peer optic nerve photographs for teaching direct ophthalmoscopy.
复制标题
使用同伴视神经照片进行直接检眼镜教学。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.09.020
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Djalilian,AliR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Milani,BehradY;Majdi,Mercede;Green,Wesley;Mehralian,Amir;Moarefi,Majid;Oh,FreddieS;Riddle,JanetM;Djalilian,AliR
OBJECTIVETo use a novel teaching exercise to encourage students to practice ophthalmoscopy and to measure the learning effect both subjectively and objectively.DESIGNComparative case series.PARTICIPANTSOne hundred thirty-one fourth-year medical students on their 1-week ophthalmology rotations with 89 in the experimental group and 42 in the control group.METHODSThose in the experimental group had 1 eye dilated and their optic nerve photographed on the first day. The next day, these students received an unlabeled optic nerve photograph belonging to 1 of their peers (typically 8–10 per group) and were given 3 days to identify the student matching the photograph. The students in the control group were simply encouraged to practice ophthalmoscopy on each other without the use of photographs.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESBoth objective and subjective changes from the beginning to the end of the rotation were measured and compared between the 2 groups.RESULTSIn the 89 students who used peer optic nerve photographs, 75 (84.3%) showed improvement in direct ophthalmoscopy skills over the course of the week. In contrast, only 12 (28.6%) of the 42 control students demonstrated an objective improvement (P<0.001). The subjective confidence levels likewise were more improved in the students who took part in the optic nerve photograph exercise.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that the task of matching an unknown optic nerve photograph to the correct eye of a peer leads to increased self-confidence and more proficient use of the direct ophthalmoscope. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
“1972政权”日本安保体系下的台湾（中文）
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Barrett;B;Ohta;H.;and Trencher;G. "Prospects for Acceleration of Socio-Technical Transitions for Deep Decarbonization," pp. 400-414;青山瑠妙;福田円;舒旻「中国：EUとの脆弱な相互依存」pp. 247-271;福田円;青山瑠妙;青山瑠妙;青山瑠妙;福田円;青山瑠妙;福田円
通讯作者：
福田円
3,5-单磷酸腺苷衍生物可增加培养的垂体细胞中的促性腺激素释放激素受体。
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
L. Young;Shariful Islam Naik;R. Clayton
通讯作者：
R. Clayton