Sn-filled single-crystalline Wurtzite-type ZnS nanotubes
Sn-filled single-crystalline Wurtzite-type ZnS nanotubes
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200454205
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Golberg, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, JQ;Bando, Y;Golberg, D
以ZnS和SnO粉末的混合物为起始原料，在11508℃的卧式高温电阻炉中合成了ZnS纳米管。在氮气流下将炉子冷却至室温后，从下游管内壁收集灰色产物，加热期间温度在180℃至2508℃之间。如扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像（图1a）所示，产品中形成了许多尖端具有球形颗粒的一维纳米结构。它们大多是直的，长度从几微米到几十微米不等。产品的X射线衍射（XRD）图（图1b）清楚地表明纳米结构由两种晶相组成，即六方（纤锌矿）ZnS（JCPDS：36-1450；a= 3.8298和c= 6.2573）和四方Sn（β-Sn）（JCPDS：04-0673；a= 5.831 和 c= 3.182)。 XRD 图谱中没有检测到 ZnO、SnO 和 SnO2 等其他杂质的特征峰。透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 和 X 射线能量色散光谱 (EDS) 表明，生长的结构实际上是填充 Sn 的 ZnS 纳米管。通常，Sn 填充物占据 ZnS 纳米管整个空腔的 70-80% 以上。有些管在整个长度上具有均匀的直径和壁厚（图2a），直径和壁厚分别为150-200 nm和50-60 nm。通常，给定的管在一端用锡填充物密封（注意，每个锡填充物以球形锡颗粒终止），而管的另一端和中心部分可以分别是开放的和中空的。如图2b所示，这些管的直径和壁厚沿着其长度逐渐减小并且变得越来越小，从较厚端的180-250 nm和60-80 nm到80-120 nm和25-
The ZnS nanotubes were synthesized in a horizontal hightemperature resistance furnace at a temperature of 11508C by using a mixture of ZnS and SnO powders as starting materials. After the furnace was cooled to room temperature under a stream of N2, a gray-colored product was collected from the inner wall of the tube downstream, where the temperature was between 180 and 2508C during heating. As shown in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image (Figure1a), numerous one-dimensional nanostructures with spherical particles at their tip ends were formed in the product. Most of them are straight and have lengths ranging from several to tens of micrometers. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern (Figure 1b) of the product presents clear evidence that the nanostructures are composed of two crystalline phases, that is, hexagonal (wurtzite) ZnS (JCPDS: 36-1450; a= 3.8298 and c= 6.2573) and tetragonal Sn (β-Sn)(JCPDS: 04-0673; a= 5.831 and c= 3.182). No characteristic peaks from other impurities, such as ZnO, SnO, and SnO2 are detected in the XRD pattern.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) reveal that the asgrown structures are in fact ZnS nanotubes filled with Sn. Normally, a Sn-filling occupies more than 70–80% of the entire cavity of a ZnS nanotube. Some of tubes have uniform diameters and wall thicknesses throughout their whole lengths (Figure 2a), and the diameters and wall thicknesses are 150–200 nm and 50–60 nm, respectively. Typically, a given tube is sealed with a Sn-filling at one end (note that each Snfilling terminates with a spherical Sn particle), whereas the other end and central part of the tube may be open and hollow, respectively. As shown in Figure 2b, the diameters and wall thicknesses of these tubes gradually decrease and become smaller and smaller along their lengths, from 180–250 nm and 60–80 nm at the thicker end to 80–120 nm and 25–