Field swimming behavior in largemouth bass deviates from predictions based on economy and propulsive efficiency
Field swimming behavior in largemouth bass deviates from predictions based on economy and propulsive efficiency
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大口黑鲈的野外游泳行为与基于经济性和推进效率的预测存在偏差
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
D. Ellerby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Angela X. Han;Caroline G. Berlin;D. Ellerby
摘要 运动的能量消耗非常大。这可能会产生有利于经济的运动策略的选择压力，例如采用低成本的速度和高效的推进运动。对于游动的鱼来说，移动单位距离所消耗的能量或运输成本 (COT) 与速度呈 U 形关系。推进运动学和速度之间的关系，用斯特劳哈尔数（St=fA/U，其中 f 是尾拍频率，A 是尾尖振幅，单位为 m，U 是游泳速度，单位为 m s−1）来概括，允许最大推进效率，其中 0.2<St<0.4。大口黑鲈采用的场速通常低于预测的范围，以最大限度地减少其 COT。这可能反映了速度调制以满足竞争的功能需求，例如实现有效的猎物检测和捕获。 St 超出了观察到的最低游泳速度的最佳范围。机械和生理限制可能会阻碍低速游泳时有效 St 的采用。重点文章：对大口黑鲈在野外游泳行为的视频分析表明，它们不使用游泳速度或推进运动来最大限度地提高经济性和效率。
ABSTRACT Locomotion is energetically expensive. This may create selection pressures that favor economical locomotor strategies, such as the adoption of low-cost speeds and efficient propulsive movements. For swimming fish, the energy expended to travel a unit distance, or cost of transport (COT), has a U-shaped relationship to speed. The relationship between propulsive kinematics and speed, summarized by the Strouhal number (St=fA/U, where f is tail beat frequency, A is tail tip amplitude in m and U is swimming speed in m s−1), allows for maximal propulsive efficiency where 0.2<St<0.4. Largemouth bass adopted field speeds that were generally below the range predicted to minimize their COT. This may reflect speed modulation to meet competing functional demands such as enabling effective prey detection and capture. St exceeded the optimal range for the lowest observed swimming speeds. Mechanical and physiological constraints may prevent adoption of efficient St during low-speed swimming. Highlighted Article: Video analysis of largemouth bass swimming behavior in the field suggests that they do not use swimming speeds or propulsive movements that maximize economy and efficiency.