Improving the oral bioavailability of tapentadol via a carbamate prodrug approach: synthesis, bioactivation, and pharmacokinetics

Improving the oral bioavailability of tapentadol via a carbamate prodrug approach: synthesis, bioactivation, and pharmacokinetics
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通过氨基甲酸酯前药方法提高他喷他多的口服生物利用度:合成、生物活化和药代动力学

DOI:
10.1007/s13346-018-0524-6
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发表时间:
2018-05
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Tianhong Zhang
Tianhong Zhang
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yingchao Li;Yongjun Wang;Ran Zhang;Cuiru Liu;Yue Wei;Jin Sun;Zhonggui He;Youjun Xu;Tianhong Zhang

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他喷他多由于体内代谢广泛而被快速清除,导致口服生物利用度低。在本研究中,合成了三种新型他喷他多前药(WWJ01、WWJ02和WWJ03),以改善其代谢稳定性,从而提高其口服生物利用度。它们在磷酸盐缓冲液、模拟胃肠液、大鼠血浆以及肠和肝匀浆中均表现出良好的稳定性。令人失望的是,当与肝微粒体一起孵育时,他喷他多的N,N-二乙基氨基甲酸酯前药(WWJ02)和他喷他多的N,N-二异丙基氨基甲酸酯前药(WWJ03)被代谢成无活性的代谢物。相比之下,他喷他多的N,N-二甲基氨基甲酸酯前药(WWJ01)可以转化为有用的中间体(M1、M2和M3),然后通过添加血浆进一步释放活性结构(他喷他多)。此外,通过测定其代谢中间体的分子量和碎片离子,通过定性方法初步研究了WWJ01可能的生物转化途径。最后,进行药代动力学研究以评估WWJ01的口服吸收。 WWJ01在口服吸收效率方面表现出明显的优势,其生物利​​用度是他喷他多的2.3倍。这些结果表明,合理设计他喷他多的氨基甲酸酯前药是提高其代谢稳定性和口服生物利用度的有效策略。
Tapentadol suffers from rapid clearance due to extensive metabolism in vivo, which results in low oral bioavailability. In the present study, three novel prodrugs of tapentadol (WWJ01, WWJ02, and WWJ03) were synthesized to improve its metabolic stability and thereby improve its oral bioavailability. They all exhibited good stability in phosphate buffers, simulated gastrointestinal fluids, rat plasma, and intestinal and liver homogenates. Disappointingly, the N,N-diethylcarbamate prodrug of tapentadol (WWJ02) and the N,N-diisopropylcarbamate prodrug of tapentadol (WWJ03) were metabolized into inactive metabolites when incubated with liver microsomes. In contrast, the N,N-dimethylcarbamate prodrug of tapentadol (WWJ01) could be transformed into useful intermediates (M1, M2, and M3), followed by the further release of the active structure (tapentadol) with the addition of plasma. Additionally, the possible biotransformation pathway of WWJ01 was preliminarily studied with a qualitative approach by determining the molecular weight and fragment ions of its metabolic intermediates. Finally, pharmacokinetic studies were carried out to evaluate the oral absorption of WWJ01. WWJ01 showed distinct advantages in oral absorption efficiency, with a 2.3-fold higher bioavailability than tapentadol. These results suggest that the rational design of a carbamate prodrug of tapentadol is an efficient strategy to improve its metabolic stability and oral bioavailability.
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