SELECTIVE ADHERENCE AS A DETERMINANT OF HOST TROPISMS OF CERTAIN INDIGENOUS AND PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
SELECTIVE ADHERENCE AS A DETERMINANT OF HOST TROPISMS OF CERTAIN INDIGENOUS AND PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
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DOI：
10.1128/iai.13.1.238-246.1976
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发表时间：
1976-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
SKOBE, Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GIBBONS, RJ;SPINELL, DM;SKOBE, Z
以人和大鼠舌背土生菌为模型，研究了细菌的选择性黏附能力与其对不同哺乳动物宿主的定植偏好之间的关系。唾液链球菌和血链球菌平均分别占五人舌拭子标本可培养细菌的22.6%和2.8%，但这些细菌不是在大鼠舌头上土生土长的(Charles River品系)。粪链球菌和需要血清的白喉类化合物在老鼠的舌头上一直很明显，但在被检查的人的舌头上没有检测到它们。通过将链霉素耐药菌株的混合物引入人类志愿者和大鼠的口腔中，比较了这些细菌附着在宿主舌面的能力。唾液沙门氏菌附着在人类舌背表面的比例高于粪链球菌和需要血清的白喉杆菌株。与需要血清的白喉类动物相比，血链球菌对人类舌头的粘附性更好。然而，粪链球菌和需要血清的白喉类化合物在大鼠舌头上的吸附比例更高。在体内试验中，人的化脓性链球菌和唾液链球菌附着在来自人类的口腔上皮细胞上的数量比从大鼠获得的要多，而从大鼠获得的需要血清的白喉则相反。综上所述，这些研究表明，细菌对不同哺乳动物宿主的组织具有高度的特异性，所研究生物的相对粘附性与它们的自然宿主取向有关。沙地沙门氏菌和粪沙门氏菌的选择性黏附与常规和无菌大鼠的舌部相似，表明本地细菌群的存在对它们的黏附选择性没有显著影响。此外，这些微生物在缺乏本土菌群的诺生菌大鼠的舌头上定居的能力与它们的黏附选择性是平行的。直接扫描显微镜观察表明，常规大鼠舌背高度乳头状，但细菌数量相对稀少。土著微生物在舌尖前缘和舌侧缘的乳头根部以离散的微菌落的形式定植，而在其他乳头上很少发现细菌。这种局部和受限的定植模式和本地细菌微菌落的空间分布也表明，拮抗相互作用不太可能解释观察到的大鼠舌头定植的细菌趋向性。
The relationship between the selective abilities of bacteria to adhere and their predilections for colonizing different mammalian hosts was investigated by using bacteria indigenous to the tongue dorsum of humans and rats as models. Streptococcus salivarius and S. sanguis averaged 22.6 and 2.8%, respectively, of the cultivable bacteria recovered from swab samples of the tonges of five humans, but these organisms were not indigenous on the tongues of rats (Charles River strain). S. faecalis and serum-requiring diphtheroids were consistently prominant on the tongues of rats, but they were not detected on the tongues of the humans examined. The ability of these organisms to adhere to the tongue surface of the hosts was compared by introducing mixtures of streptomycin-resistant strains into the mouths of human volunteers and rats. S. salivarius adhered in higher proportions to the dorsal tongue surface of humans than did strains of S. faecalis and the serum-requiring diphtheroid. S. sanguis also adhered to human tongues better than the serum-requiring diphtheroid. However, S. faecalis and the serum-requiring diphtheroid sorbed in higher proportions to the tongues of rats. In an in vivo assay, human strains of S. pyogenes and S. salivarius attached in higher numbers to buccal epithelial cells derived from humans than to those obtained from rats, whereas the reverse was observed with a serum-requiring diphtheroid derived from rats. Collectively, these studies show that bacteria sorb with a high degree of specificity to the tissues of different mammalian hosts, and the relative adherence of the organisms studied correlated with their natural host tropisms. The selective adherence of S. salvarius and S. faecalis was similar to the tongues of conventional and germ-free rats, suggesting that the presence of an indigenous bacterial flora did not significantly influence their attachment selectivity. Moreover, the ability of these organisms to colonize the tongues of gnotobiotic rats lacking an indigenous flora paralleled their adherence selectivity. Direct scanning microscopic observations indicated that the tongue dorsum of conventional rats is highly papillated but contains relatively sparse bacterial populations. Indigenous organisms colonized the bases of papillae on the anterior tip and lateral edges of the tongue as discrete microcolonies, but bacteria were rarely observed on other papillae. This localized and restricted pattern of colonization and the spatial distribution of the microcolonies of indigenous bacteria present also suggest that antagonistic interactions are unlikely to account for the bacterial tropisms observed for colonization of the tongues of rats.