Genome Variation and Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Pathovariants.
Genome Variation and Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Pathovariants.
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DOI：
10.1128/iai.00079-18
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Kingsley RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Branchu P;Bawn M;Kingsley RA
鼠伤寒沙门氏菌血清型是沙门氏菌属约 2,500 种不同血清型之一，但因其在环境、牲畜和野生动物中的广泛分布而与众不同。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌血清型是沙门氏菌属约 2,500 种不同血清型中的一种，但因其在环境、牲畜和野生动物中的广泛分布而与众不同。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌引起很大比例的非伤寒沙门氏菌（NTS）感染，占感染的四分之一，发病率仅次于肠炎沙门氏菌。由于鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在家畜和野生动物中广泛分布，因此鼠伤寒沙门氏菌曾被认为是典型的广宿主范围沙门氏菌血清型，而我们对沙门氏菌与宿主相互作用的了解大部分来自于使用少量实验室菌株（LT2、SL1344 和 ATCC 14028）进行的研究。但很明显，这些菌株并不反映鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的基因型或表型多样性。在这里，我们回顾了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的流行病学记录以及鼠伤寒沙门氏菌不同菌株的宿主-病原体相互作用的研究。我们提出了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌独特致病变种的概念，这些变种表现出宿主范围、环境分布、致病性和食品安全风险的多样性。我们回顾了全基因组测序的最新证据，这些证据揭示了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌致病变种的基因组多样性程度、人类和动物健康风险水平差异的基因组基础，以及主要菌株的分子流行病学。更好地了解细菌病原体基因组变异对病原体-宿主和病原体-环境相互作用的影响，有可能改善定量风险评估并揭示新病原体如何进化。
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of approximately 2,500 distinct serovars of the genus Salmonella but is exceptional in its wide distribution in the environment, livestock, and wild animals. S. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of approximately 2,500 distinct serovars of the genus Salmonella but is exceptional in its wide distribution in the environment, livestock, and wild animals. S. Typhimurium causes a large proportion of nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections, accounting for a quarter of infections, second only to S. enterica serovar Enteritidis in incidence. S. Typhimurium was once considered the archetypal broad-host-range Salmonella serovar due to its wide distribution in livestock and wild animals, and much of what we know of the interaction of Salmonella with the host comes from research using a small number of laboratory strains of the serovar (LT2, SL1344, and ATCC 14028). But it has become clear that these strains do not reflect the genotypic or phenotypic diversity of S. Typhimurium. Here, we review the epidemiological record of S. Typhimurium and studies of the host-pathogen interactions of diverse strains of S. Typhimurium. We present the concept of distinct pathovariants of S. Typhimurium that exhibit diversity of host range, distribution in the environment, pathogenicity, and risk to food safety. We review recent evidence from whole-genome sequencing that has revealed the extent of genomic diversity of S. Typhimurium pathovariants, the genomic basis of differences in the level of risk to human and animal health, and the molecular epidemiology of prominent strains. An improved understanding of the impact of genome variation of bacterial pathogens on pathogen-host and pathogen-environment interactions has the potential to improve quantitative risk assessment and reveal how new pathogens evolve.