Skeletal muscle fiber type: using insights from muscle developmental biology to dissect targets for susceptibility and resistance to muscle disease.
Skeletal muscle fiber type: using insights from muscle developmental biology to dissect targets for susceptibility and resistance to muscle disease.
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DOI：
10.1002/wdev.230
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maves, Lisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Talbot, Jared;Maves, Lisa
骨骼肌纤维分为纤维类型，特别是慢收缩与快收缩。肌纤维类型通常由它们表达的特定肌球蛋白重链同种型定义，但许多其他组分有助于纤维的生理特征。骨骼肌纤维类型可以对肌肉疾病产生深远的影响，包括某些肌肉萎缩症和肌肉减少症，衰老引起的肌肉质量和力量的损失。这些发现表明，一些肌肉疾病可以通过改变纤维类型特征从慢到快或从快到慢的表型来治疗，这取决于疾病。最近的研究已经开始解决肌纤维类型的哪些组分介导其对肌肉疾病的易感性或抵抗力。然而，对于许多疾病来说，目前还不清楚为什么某些纤维类型会受到影响。大量的工作已经揭示了调节肌纤维类型可塑性和早期发育肌纤维身份的分子途径。例如，最近的研究已经揭示了许多通过调节肌肉调节转录因子MYOD 1的活性来调节肌纤维类型的因子。未来在动物模型中对肌纤维类型发育的研究将继续增强我们对可能提供治疗肌肉疾病的治疗靶点的因素和途径的理解。
Skeletal muscle fibers are classified into fiber types, in particular slow twitch versus fast twitch. Muscle fiber types are generally defined by the particular myosin heavy chain isoforms that they express, but many other components contribute to a fiber’s physiological characteristics. Skeletal muscle fiber type can have a profound impact on muscle diseases, including certain muscular dystrophies and sarcopenia, the aging-induced loss of muscle mass and strength. These findings suggest that some muscle diseases may be treated by shifting fiber type characteristics either from slow to fast, or fast to slow phenotypes, depending on the disease. Recent studies have begun to address which components of muscle fiber types mediate their susceptibility or resistance to muscle disease. However, for many diseases it remains largely unclear why certain fiber types are affected. A substantial body of work has revealed molecular pathways that regulate muscle fiber type plasticity and early developmental muscle fiber identity. For instance, recent studies have revealed many factors that regulate muscle fiber type through modulating the activity of the muscle regulatory transcription factor MYOD1. Future studies of muscle fiber type development in animal models will continue to enhance our understanding of factors and pathways that may provide therapeutic targets to treat muscle diseases.
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