Characterizing complex structural variation in germline and somatic genomes.

Characterizing complex structural variation in germline and somatic genomes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tig.2011.10.002
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发表时间:
2012-01
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Hall, Ira M.
Hall, Ira M.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Quinlan, Aaron R.;Hall, Ira M.

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基因组结构变异是哺乳动物遗传多样性的主要来源,也是癌症的一个标志。虽然SV通常由其规范形式定义--复制、缺失、插入、倒置和易位--但最近的断点图谱研究揭示了数量惊人的“复杂”变体,它们逃避了简单的分类。复杂的SVS是由由单个突变引起的聚集性断点定义的,但不能用一个简单的末端连接或重组事件来解释。一些复杂的变异体在来自多个染色体的不同基因座之间表现出极其复杂的重排,而另一些则涉及单个基因座上更微妙的变化。这些不同且不可预测的特征给SV映射实验带来了挑战。在这里,我们回顾了目前关于哺乳动物复杂SV的知识,并概述了使用下一代DNA测序识别和表征复杂变体的技术。
Genome structural variation (SV) is a major source of genetic diversity in mammals and a hallmark of cancer. While SV is typically defined by its canonical forms – duplication, deletion, insertion, inversion and translocation – recent breakpoint mapping studies have revealed a surprising number of “complex” variants that evade simple classification. Complex SVs are defined by clustered breakpoints that arose through a single mutation but cannot be explained by one simple end-joining or recombination event. Some complex variants exhibit profoundly complicated rearrangements between distinct loci from multiple chromosomes, while others involve more subtle alterations at a single locus. These diverse and unpredictable features present a challenge for SV mapping experiments. Here, we review current knowledge of complex SV in mammals, and outline techniques for identifying and characterizing complex variants using next-generation DNA sequencing.
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