Low to near-zero CO2 production of hydrogen from fossil fuels: Status and perspectives
Low to near-zero CO2 production of hydrogen from fossil fuels: Status and perspectives
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.101
复制
发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
N. Muradov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Muradov
目前，实际上所有直接或间接（例如，通过发电）依赖化石燃料（主要是天然气和煤炭），根据许多预测，这一趋势在可预见的未来将继续下去。因此，氢能发电厂现在和将来都是向大气排放二氧化碳的主要来源，对我们地球的生态圈和气候有潜在的不利影响。鉴于这些负面趋势，迫切需要大幅减少甚至完全消除化石燃料制氢过程中的CO2排放，以强调氢作为生态清洁燃料的环境优势。从化石燃料中生产低至接近零的CO2的主要技术方法可以分为三大类：（1）将制氢装置与CO2捕获和储存系统相结合，（2）将碳氢化合物分解为氢和碳，以及（3）将制氢过程与非碳能源（如核能和太阳能）相结合。本文的目的是概述和分析现有的和新兴的技术选择和解决方案的现状，以大幅减少化石燃料为基础的制氢工厂的CO2排放量。本文根据新的技术发展趋势，研究了从化石燃料生产低至接近零的CO2氢气的近中期前景。
At present, practically all industrial production of hydrogen either directly or indirectly (e.g., through electricity generation) relies on fossil fuels (mostly, natural gas and coal) and, according to many projections, this trend will continue in the foreseeable future. As a result, hydrogen plants are and will remain a major source of CO2emissions to the atmosphere, with potentially adverse consequences to our planet's ecosphere and climate. In view of these negative trends, there is an urgent need to substantially reduce or even completely eliminate CO2emissions from fossil fuel-based hydrogen production processes in order to underscore environmental advantages of hydrogen as an ecologically clean fuel. The main technological approaches to low to near-zero CO2production of hydrogen from fossil fuels can be classified into three main groups: (1) coupling hydrogen plants with CO2capture and storage systems, (2) dissociation of hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon, and (3) integrating hydrogen production processes with non-carbon energy sources such as nuclear and solar energy. The objective of this paper is to overview and analyze the current status of existing and emerging technological options and solutions to drastically reducing the amount of CO2emissions from fossil fuel-based hydrogen manufacturing plants. A near-to-mid term outlook for low to near-zero CO2hydrogen production from fossil fuels in the light of new technological trends is examined in this paper.