Morphological study of the hoof in yak
Morphological study of the hoof in yak
复制标题
牦牛蹄的形态学研究
作者：
X. Yang1;X. Ren2;S. Yu2;Y. Cui1
The fore- and hindlimb of yak have been studied by the gross anatomical methods and.standard histological techniques. The artery of ungula was also determined by X-ray.and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene casting. Anatomical features of the forelimb of yak.resemble those of hindlimb, including hoof periphery, hoof coronal, hoof wall, hoof.sole, and hoof sphere. The forelimb and hindlimb are almost the same in histological.structure. The epidermis comprised all 5 strata: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum,.stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale. The papillary layers and.dermal lamellae contained a variable amount of capillary as well as collagen and.elastic fibres. Many venules and arteriovenous anastomosis were distributed among.the reticular layer. Subcutaneous tissue was composed of rich adipose and connective.tissue in hoof periphery, hoof coronal, and, especially, hoof sphere. Major arteria in.forelimb of yak include arteria digitalis palmaris communis III and arteriae digitales.palmares propriae III and IV axialis. Those in hindlimb include arteria digitalis plantaris communis III and arteria digitalis plantaris propria III and IV axialis. Our findings.highlight the main morphological features of yak and provide a morphological basis.useful to researchers using yak hoof.
