Indirect effects of extreme precipitation on the growth of Vallisneria denseserrulata Makino
Indirect effects of extreme precipitation on the growth of Vallisneria denseserrulata Makino
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极端降水对苦草生长的间接影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.06.003
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发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Jeppesen Erik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhi Yongwei;Cao Yu;Sun Junyao;Li Wei;Jeppesen Erik
沉水植物对于维持浅水湖泊的清澈状态非常重要，但现在受到持续气候变化的威胁，包括更多的极端天气事件。在为期10个月的实验中，研究了极端降水（高水位、高氮磷负荷）对沉水植物苦草（Vallisneria denseserrulataMakino）生长的影响。我们用了三个大型植物群落（一种、三种和六种）和四种模拟情景下的水位和营养盐负荷（恒定75 cm，无营养负荷;水位在三个月内从75 cm逐渐增加到150 cm;极端水位在一天内增加到150 cm，营养负荷与逐渐增加相同;恒定的75 cm和与前两个处理相同的营养负荷）。记录了叶片叶绿素荧光、生物量、水生植物形态和附着生物量。与只增加养分而不增加水分的处理相比，在极端增加水分的处理中，水生植物生物量下降，而株高和叶片数保持不变。增加水位和增加营养负荷（渐变和极端变化）的综合效应与不增加营养负荷的恒定75 cm处理没有显著差异。不同水位处理的附生植物生物量差异不显著，但随着水位的升高，附生植物生物量略有增加，而植物体积则逐渐减小。植物群落的变化对V的最大叶宽和相对电子传递速率影响有限。密齿的总之，V. denseserrulata是整体弹性的主要模拟降水的变化，除了当水位突然增加，只有轻微的影响（叶片叶绿素荧光参数）的组成的大型植物组合。
Submerged macrophytes are important for maintaining a clear water state in shallow lakes but are now threatened by the ongoing climate changes involving more extreme weather events. We explored the effects of extreme precipitation (higher water level, higher loading of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen)) on the growth of the submerged macrophyteVallisneria denseserrulataMakino in a 10-month long mesocosm experiment. We used three macrophyte communities (one, three and six species) and four simulated scenarios of water level and nutrient loading (constant 75 cm, no nutrient loading; gradual water level increase from 75 cm to 150 cm over three months; extreme water level increase to 150 cm within one day at the same nutrient loading as in the gradual increase; constant 75 cm and the same nutrient loading as in the two former treatments). Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, biomass, morphology of macrophytes and periphyton biomass were recorded. In the treatment with an extreme increase in water level, macrophyte biomass declined, whereas plant height and leaf number remained unchanged compared with the treatments where only nutrient but not water levels were increased. The combined effect of increased water level and enhanced nutrient loading (gradual and extreme change) did not differ significantly from the constant 75cm treatment without additional nutrient loading. No significant differences were found in epiphyton biomass among the water level treatments, while epipelon biomass was marginally higher and plant volume inhabited lower in the two treatments with a water level increase. Changes in macrophyte assemblages only had limited effects on maximum leaf width and the relative electron transport rate ofV. denseserrulata. In conclusion,V. denseserrulatawas overall resilient to the major simulated changes in precipitation, except when the water level increased suddenly, and only marginally influenced (leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter) by the composition of the macrophyte assemblage.
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