Sensitivity of atmospheric CO 2 and climate to explosive volcanic eruptions
Sensitivity of atmospheric CO 2 and climate to explosive volcanic eruptions
复制标题
大气CO 2 和气候对火山喷发的敏感性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Raible
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Frölicher;F. Joos;C. Raible
抽象的。低纬度爆发性火山爆发对气候和碳循环的影响是通过强迫一个全面的、完全耦合的碳循环-气候模式与脉冲状平流层气溶胶光学厚度变化来量化的。该模型代表了气候系统对火山爆发的辐射和动力响应，并模拟了全球和区域大气表面温度的下降、区域降水的明显变化、北大西洋涛动的正相位以及火山爆发后大气中二氧化碳的减少。火山引起的冷却降低了热带土壤的翻转率，这主要是由于土壤水分减少导致的凋落物输入减少，导致几十年来土地碳库存增加。海洋碳清单的扰动使碳源从最初的弱碳汇转变为碳源。地下沃茨中的正碳和负温度异常可持续几十年。大气CO2的数十年减少产生了一个小的额外辐射强迫，放大了冷却，并在比火山气溶胶的大气停留时间更长的时间尺度上扰动地球系统。此外，对历史时期内有无火山爆发的百年尺度全球变暖模拟表明，海洋综合了火山辐射冷却，并对空间海平面或溶解氧等不同的物理和地球化学参数作出反应。一系列不同量级平流层气溶胶光学厚度变化的敏感性模拟和全球变暖模拟的结果表明，碳循环-气候敏感性γ（表示为全球平均表面温度每单位变化的大气CO2变化）取决于扰动的大小和时间演变以及感兴趣的时间尺度。在十年时间尺度上，Pinatubo型喷发的模拟γ值是工业时期和高排放的世纪情景的几倍。
Abstract. Impacts of low-latitude, explosive volcanic eruptions on climate and the carbon cycle are quantified by forcing a comprehensive, fully coupled carbon cycle-climate model with pulse-like stratospheric aerosol optical depth changes. The model represents the radiative and dynamical response of the climate system to volcanic eruptions and simulates a decrease of global and regional atmospheric surface temperature, regionally distinct changes in precipitation, a positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, and a decrease in atmospheric CO2 after volcanic eruptions. The volcanic-induced cooling reduces overturning rates in tropical soils, which dominates over reduced litter input due to soil moisture decrease, resulting in higher land carbon inventories for several decades. The perturbation in the ocean carbon inventory changes sign from an initial weak carbon sink to a carbon source. Positive carbon and negative temperature anomalies in subsurface waters last up to several decades. The multi-decadal decrease in atmospheric CO2 yields a small additional radiative forcing that amplifies the cooling and perturbs the Earth System on longer time scales than the atmospheric residence time of volcanic aerosols. In addition, century-scale global warming simulations with and without volcanic eruptions over the historical period show that the ocean integrates volcanic radiative cooling and responds for different physical and biogeochemical parameters such as steric sea level or dissolved oxygen. Results from a suite of sensitivity simulations with different magnitudes of stratospheric aerosol optical depth changes and from global warming simulations show that the carbon cycle-climate sensitivity γ, expressed as change in atmospheric CO2 per unit change in global mean surface temperature, depends on the magnitude and temporal evolution of the perturbation, and time scale of interest. On decadal time scales, modeled γ is several times larger for a Pinatubo-like eruption than for the industrial period and for a high emission, 21st century scenario.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Jungclaus, J. H.;Lorenz, S. J.;Marotzke, J.
通讯作者：
Marotzke, J.