Do White Storks Ciconia ciconia always profit from an early return to their breeding grounds?
Do White Storks Ciconia ciconia always profit from an early return to their breeding grounds?
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白鹳鹳总是能从提前返回繁殖地中获利吗？
DOI：
10.1080/00063650409461357
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
J. Kosicki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Tryjanowski;T. Sparks;J. Ptaszyk;J. Kosicki
胶囊到货日期对育种日期和育种成功率有很大影响。目的验证我们的假设，即在4月气温较低的年份，即当鹳开始繁殖时，繁殖时间与成功之间的关系将不存在，这意味着候鸟提前返回繁殖地将没有优势。方法1983-2002年在波兰西部波兹纳齐省收集资料。根据当地的气候资料，我们选择了8个冷春年，并与12个“正常”年进行了比较。分析了天气对白鹳到达时间和到达模式的影响。结果两组年的种群数量差异无统计学意义，但正常年父母双方的到达日期较早。到货日期强烈影响育种日期（与育种日期正相关），与育种成功（与育种成功负相关）。结论描述上述关系的斜率在两组间无显著差异。因此，我们推测自然选择强烈倾向于从越冬地提前返回的鸟类。
Capsule Arrival date strongly influenced date of breeding and breeding success. Aim To check our hypothesis that in years with low April temperatures, i.e. when storks started to breed, the relationship between timing of breeding and success would be absent, meaning that migrants would have no advantage by returning early to their breeding area. Methods We collected data in Poznań province, western Poland during the period 1983–2002. Based on local climatological data we selected eight cold spring years and compared them with the 12 ‘normal’ years. We analysed how weather affected the timing and arrival pattern of White Stork. Results The two groups of years did not differ significantly in population size, but in normal years the arrival date of both parents was earlier. Arrival date strongly influenced (was positively correlated with) date of breeding and (negatively correlated with) breeding success. Conclusion The slopes describing the above relationships did not differ significantly between the two groups of years. Therefore, we speculate that natural selection strongly favours birds that return early from the wintering grounds.