A new pest species of the mealybug genus Ferrisia fullaway (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from the United States
A new pest species of the mealybug genus Ferrisia fullaway (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from the United States
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DOI：
10.1603/0013-8746(2003)096
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Steffan, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gullan, PJ;Downie, DA;Steffan, SA
以成虫、三龄若虫、一龄、二龄若虫为例，记述和图示了一新种，并对其进行了描述。对褐飞虱3龄雄虫和雌虫的观察未能揭示出2龄幼虫的性别二型性。通过收集线粒体基因(COI)和两个核基因(EF-1α和28S)片段的核苷酸序列数据，促进了对这一新物种的诊断。首次提出了铁线虫的系统发育研究；对这三个基因区域的联合和单独分析支持金丝藻的单系性，并表明维州铁线虫是一个物种复合体。报道了加利福尼亚州和美国东南部的F-Gilli的已知分布。它可能是东南部各州的原产植物。这种粉虱似乎是多食性的，因为它以各种木本植物为食，既有常绿的，也有落叶的，也有单子叶的。它在加利福尼亚州中部每年至少发生三代，在那里被新发现为开心果和杏仁园的害虫，但至少自1968年以来一直存在于加州北部。这种粉虱在开心果园造成的主要问题是树叶和果实受到蜜露的污染，以及两种主要真菌病原体的相伴促进。
A new pest species of Ferrisia (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Ferrisia gilli Gullan, is described and illustrated based on the adult female, third-instar female, and first- and second-instar nymphs. Observation of pharate third-instar males and females failed to reveal sexual dimorphism of the second instar. Diagnosis of this new species was facilitated by the collection of nucleotide sequence data from fragments of a mitochondrial gene (COI) and two nuclear genes (EF-1alpha and 28S). The first phylogenetic study of Ferrisia is presented; combined and separate analyses of the three gene regions support monophyly of F. gilli and suggest that Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) is a species complex. The known distribution of F gilli from California and the southeastern United States is reported. It may be native to the southeastern states. This mealybug seems to be polyphagous because it feeds on a variety of species of woody plants, both evergreen and deciduous, as well as on monocots. It has at least three generations annually in central California, where it is newly recognized as a pest in pistachio and almond orchards, but has been present in northern California since at least 1968. The main problems caused by this mealybug in pistachio orchards are contamination of foliage and fruit with honeydew and the concomitant promotion of two major fungal pathogens.