NEURAL CORRELATES OF RISKY DECISION MAKING IN ANXIOUS YOUTH AND HEALTHY CONTROLS
NEURAL CORRELATES OF RISKY DECISION MAKING IN ANXIOUS YOUTH AND HEALTHY CONTROLS
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DOI：
10.1002/da.22276
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Peris, Tara S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Galvan, Adriana;Peris, Tara S.
背景：小儿焦虑症是一种慢性且损害性的疾病，其特点是规避风险。然而，对于焦虑的青少年在面临风险时做出的决策的神经相关性仍然知之甚少。方法：初步诊断为分离焦虑症、社交恐惧症或广泛性焦虑症的青少年 (n = 16) 和健康对照组 (n = 15)，在接受功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 扫描的同时，在潜在得失的条件下执行一项危险的决策任务。结果：进行分析以检查每种情况下对风险与非风险选择的神经反应。与对照组相比，焦虑的青少年在潜在损失期间做出的冒险选择较少。两组在危险选择过程中都会引发强烈的额纹状体激活。在增益条件下的风险选择期间，对照组在风险选择期间表现出比非风险选择期间和焦虑青年更大的腹侧壳核激活。在失落的情况下，对照组在冒险过程中内侧前额叶皮层表现出更大的激活，而焦虑的年轻人则表现出杏仁核和岛叶的更多参与。风险选择过程中的神经激活与焦虑症状严重程度的个体差异相关，例如随着焦虑症状的增加，在获得条件下腹侧纹状体的募集减少，而在损失条件下杏仁核的募集增加。结论：患有焦虑症的青少年在做出危险决策时的行为和神经生物学指标均不同于不焦虑的同龄人；这些差异因症状的严重程度而加剧，它们揭示了儿科焦虑的病理生理学。焦虑青少年的风险决策与健康对照的神经相关性 (C) 2014 Wiley periodicals, Inc.
Background: Pediatric anxiety disorders are chronic and impairing conditions that are characterized by risk aversion and avoidance; however, the neural correlates of decision making under risk in anxious youth remain poorly understood. Methods: Youth with a primary diagnosis of separation anxiety, social phobia, or generalized anxiety disorder (n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 15), performed a risky decision-making task under conditions of potential gain or loss while undergoing a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. Results: Analyses were conducted to examine neural response to risky versus nonrisky choices in each condition. Anxious youth made fewer risky choices during potential loss compared to controls. Both groups elicited strong frontostriatal activation during risky choice. During risky choice in the gain condition, controls exhibited greater activation in ventral putamen during risky choice than during nonrisky choice and than anxious youth. In the loss condition, controls exhibited greater activation in medial prefrontal cortex during risk-taking while anxious youth exhibited greater engagement of amygdala and insula. Neural activation during risky choice was associated with individual differences in anxiety symptom severity, such that as anxiety symptomatology increased, there was decreased recruitment of the ventral striatum in the gain condition and increasing recruitment of the amygdala in the loss condition. Conclusions: Youth with anxiety disorders differ from their nonanxious peers on both behavioral and neurobiological indices during risky decision making; these differences are exacerbated by symptom severity and they shed light on the pathophysiology of pediatric anxiety. Neural correlates of risky decision making in anxious youth and healthy controls (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.