The Developmental Course of Sleep Disturbances Across Childhood Relates to Brain Morphology at Age 7: The Generation R Study
The Developmental Course of Sleep Disturbances Across Childhood Relates to Brain Morphology at Age 7: The Generation R Study
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/zsw022
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Tiemeier, Henning
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kocevska, Desana;Muetzel, Ryan L.;Tiemeier, Henning
目的：关于睡眠障碍对发育中的大脑结构特性的影响知之甚少。本研究探讨了儿童睡眠障碍与 7 岁时大脑形态之间的关联。方法：R 一代队列的母亲报告了 720 名 2 个月、1.5、2、3 和 6 岁儿童的睡眠障碍。 T1 加权磁共振成像 (MRI) 图像用于评估 7 岁时的大脑结构。通过线性回归测试每个年龄段的睡眠障碍以及睡眠障碍轨迹与脑体积（脑总体积、皮质和皮质下灰质、白质）的关联。为了评估区域差异，在全脑分析中测试了睡眠障碍轨迹作为皮质厚度的决定因素。结果：从幼儿期开始，睡眠障碍呈下降趋势。婴儿睡眠与 7 岁时的大脑形态无关。2 岁和 3 岁时，每出现 SD 睡眠障碍（一种常见症状或两种不太常见的症状），儿童的灰质体积分别缩小 -6.3（-11.7 至 -0.8）cm(3) 和 -6.4（-11.7 至 -1.7）cm(3)。 6 岁时的睡眠障碍与整体大脑形态相关（灰质：-7.3（-12.1 至 -2.6），p 值 =.01）。轨迹分析一致表明，儿童睡眠障碍的更不利的发育过程与较小的灰质体积和较薄的背外侧前额皮质有关。结论：2 岁起的睡眠障碍与灰质体积较小有关。具有不良睡眠障碍轨迹的儿童的前额叶皮层变薄可能反映了睡眠障碍对大脑成熟的影响。
Objectives: Little is known about the impact of sleep disturbances on the structural properties of the developing brain. This study explored associations between childhood sleep disturbances and brain morphology at 7 years.Methods: Mothers from the Generation R cohort reported sleep disturbances in 720 children at ages 2 months, 1.5, 2, 3, and 6 years. T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images were used to assess brain structure at 7 years. Associations of sleep disturbances at each age and of sleep disturbance trajectories with brain volumes (total brain volume, cortical and subcortical grey matter, white matter) were tested with linear regressions. To assess regional differences, sleep disturbance trajectories were tested as determinants for cortical thickness in whole-brain analyses.Results: Sleep disturbances followed a declining trend from toddlerhood onwards. Infant sleep was not associated with brain morphology at age 7. Per SD sleep disturbances (one frequent symptom or two less frequent symptoms) at 2 and 3 years of age, children had -6.3 (-11.7 to -0.8) cm(3) and -6.4 (-11.7 to -1.7) cm(3) smaller grey matter volumes, respectively. Sleep disturbances at age 6 years were associated with global brain morphology (grey matter: -7.3 (-12.1 to -2.6), p value =.01).Consistently, trajectory analyses showed that more adverse developmental course of childhood sleep disturbances are associated with smaller grey matter volumes and thinner dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Conclusion: Sleep disturbances from age 2 years onwards are associated with smaller grey matter volumes. Thinner prefrontal cortex in children with adverse sleep disturbance trajectories may reflect effects of sleep disturbances on brain maturation.