The evolutionary dynamics and fitness landscape of clonal haematopoiesis

The evolutionary dynamics and fitness landscape of clonal haematopoiesis
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克隆造血的进化动力学和适应度景观

DOI:
10.1101/569566
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Watson C
Watson C
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Watson C

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随着年龄的增长,健康组织中获得的体细胞突变是癌症风险的主要决定因素。变异是否赋予了适应性优势,或者偶然增加到可检测的频率,在很大程度上仍然未知。来自约50,000个个体的血液测序数据揭示了突变,遗传漂变和适应性如何塑造健康血液的遗传多样性(克隆造血)。我们表明,正选择,而不是漂移,是塑造克隆造血的主要力量,提供造血干细胞数量的界限,并量化关键致病变异体的适应性优势,在单核苷酸分辨率,以及常见突变的驱动基因内的适应性效应(适应性景观)的分布。这些数据与克隆造血是由突变和克隆扩增的持续风险驱动的一致,随着年龄的增长,这种风险越来越明显。
Somatic mutations acquired in healthy tissues as we age are major determinants of cancer risk. Whether variants confer a fitness advantage or rise to detectable frequencies by chance remains largely unknown. Blood sequencing data from ~50,000 individuals reveal how mutation, genetic drift, and fitness shape the genetic diversity of healthy blood (clonal hematopoiesis). We show that positive selection, not drift, is the major force shaping clonal hematopoiesis, provide bounds on the number of hematopoietic stem cells, and quantify the fitness advantages of key pathogenic variants, at single-nucleotide resolution, as well as the distribution of fitness effects (fitness landscape) within commonly mutated driver genes. These data are consistent with clonal hematopoiesis being driven by a continuing risk of mutations and clonal expansions that become increasingly detectable with age.
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