Street policing, injecting drug use and harm reduction in a Russian city: A qualitative study of police perspectives
Street policing, injecting drug use and harm reduction in a Russian city: A qualitative study of police perspectives
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-006-9085-y
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Monaghan, Geoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rhodes, Tim;Platt, Lucy;Monaghan, Geoff
我们对俄罗斯一座城市的注射吸毒者 (ID Us) 注射吸毒以及使用针头和注射器的看法进行了定性探索，该城市见证了与注射吸毒相关的艾滋病毒的爆炸性传播。 2002 年 5 月，我们对不同级别的警官进行了 27 次深度定性访谈，他们表示经常与 ID Us 联系。所有采访均按主题进行录音、转录、翻译和编码。账户支持一种强调基于街道的可见性和对 ID US 的密切监视的警务方法。注射吸毒者被描述为“潜在的犯罪分子”，需要采取“先发制人”的方法来预防与毒品有关的犯罪。街头治安被描述为一种维持密切监视的手段，从而对怀疑或证明是非法药物使用者的人进行正式登记。这种登记使得进一步持续的监视成为可能，包括通过拦截和搜查程序。尽管意识到吸毒者不愿携带注射设备与他们担心被拘留或逮捕有关，但一些说法表明，没收以前使用过的注射设备可以构成与持有毒品指控有关的证据，并且发现干净的注射设备可能足以引起怀疑和/或进一步调查，包括通过拦截和搜查或询问。我们的研究结果表明，街头警务与针头和注射器获取之间存在着不稳定的关系，因此，警务策略可能会破坏艾滋病毒预防精神，从而促进ID我们获取针头和注射器。我们的结论是，促进警务机构和艾滋病毒预防举措之间的伙伴关系是创造有利于减少风险的环境的一个关键特征。
We undertook a qualitative exploration of police perspectives on injecting drug use and needle and syringe access among injecting drug users (ID Us) in a Russian city that has witnessed explosive spread of HIV associated with drug injecting. Twenty-seven in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted in May 2002 with police officers of varying rank who reported having regular contact with ID Us. All interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed, translated and coded thematically. Accounts upheld an approach to Policing that emphasised high street-based visibility and close surveillance of ID US. IDUs were depicted as 'potential criminals' warranting a 'pre-emptive' approach to the prevention of drug-related crime. Street policing was described as a means of maintaining close surveillance leading to the official registration of persons suspected or proven to be users of illicit drugs. Such registration enabled further ongoing surveillance, including through stop and search procedures. While aware that drug users' reluctance to carry injecting equipment linked to their fears of detention or arrest, accounts suggested that the confiscation of previously used injecting equipment can constitute evidence in relation to drugs possession charges and that discovery of clean injecting equipment may be sufficient to raise suspicion and/or further investigation, including through stop and search or questioning. Our findings suggest an uneasy relationship between street policing and needle and syringe access, whereby policing strategies can undermine an HIV prevention ethos promoting needle and syringe accessibility among ID Us. We conclude that facilitating partnerships between policing agencies and HIV prevention initiatives are a critical feature of creating environments conducive for risk reduction.