Preference of dairy cows: Indoor cubicle housing with access to a total mixed ration vs. access to pasture
Preference of dairy cows: Indoor cubicle housing with access to a total mixed ration vs. access to pasture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.applanim.2010.11.018
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Sinclair, Liam A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charlton, Gemma L.;Rutter, Steven Mark;Sinclair, Liam A.
牛是放牧动物，因此通常认为牧场是一种福利友好的系统，因为它是自然的，允许正常行为的表达，这可能是限制在室内。然而，高产奶牛可能无法仅从草中满足其营养需求，导致它们变得饥饿，损害它们的福利。由于室内饲养和放牧对奶牛的福利既有积极的影响，也有消极的影响，因此进行了一项研究，以确定泌乳中后期高遗传价值荷斯坦奶牛（n=32）对室内或牧场的偏好，并确定影响其决策的因素。每天两次，在挤奶后，将奶牛带到距离室内畜舍和牧场等距离（48 m）的选择点，奶牛选择是否进入室内或牧场。在最初的选择之后，奶牛可以在室内和牧场之间移动，直到下一次挤奶。在室内，可自由采食全混合日粮（TMR）。在牧场，草地干物质（DM）保持在1800和3000公斤DM/公顷。记录选择点的决定和在每个位置花费的时间。为了确定影响奶牛决定的因素，记录了行为、天气条件、产奶量、跛行、身体状况评分（BCS）和活重。从选择角度来看，奶牛选择进入室内的频率几乎是牧场的两倍（分别为66.2 +/- 5.02%和33.8 +/-5.02%），与100%有显著差异（P
Cattle are grazing animals so it is generally assumed that pasture is a welfare friendly system as it is natural and allows the expression of normal behaviour, which may be restricted indoors. However, high yielding dairy cows may not be able to fulfil their nutritional demands from grass alone resulting in them becoming hungry, compromising their welfare. As indoor housing and pasture may both have positive and negative effects on the welfare of dairy cattle a study was conducted to determine the preference of high genetic merit Holstein dairy cows (n=32) in mid to late lactation to be indoors or on pasture and to establish the factors that influenced their decision. Twice a day, after milking, cows were taken to a choice point equidistant (48 m) from indoor housing and pasture, where cows chose whether to go indoors or to pasture. After their initial choice, cows could then move between indoors and pasture until the next milking. Indoors, a total mixed ration (TMR) was available ad libitum. At pasture, sward dry matter (DM) was maintained between 1800 and 3000 kg DM/ha. Decision at the choice point and time spent in each location were recorded. To determine what influenced the cow's decision, behaviour, weather conditions, milk yield, lameness, body condition score (BCS) and liveweight were recorded. From the choice point cows chose to go indoors almost twice as often as to pasture (66.2 +/- 5.02% vs. 33.8 +/- 5.02%, respectively) which was significantly different from 100% (P