A systematic reappraisal and quantitative study of the nonmarine teleost fishes from the late Maastrichtian of the Western Interior of North America: evidence from vertebrate microfossil localities
A systematic reappraisal and quantitative study of the nonmarine teleost fishes from the late Maastrichtian of the Western Interior of North America: evidence from vertebrate microfossil localities
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DOI：
10.1139/cjes-2020-0168
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发表时间：
2021-09-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Mantilla, Gregory P. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brinkman, Donald B.;Divay, Julien D.;Mantilla, Gregory P. Wilson
基于来自蒙大拿州海尔克里克组、怀俄明州兰斯组和艾伯塔省斯科拉德组脊椎动物微化石地点的孤立化石，记录了马斯特里赫特阶晚期北美洲西部内陆非海洋硬骨鱼类的多样性和分布。根据1900多个腹椎和带齿化石，至少识别出20个分类群。其中包括2种海鲢形目鱼类、6种骨舌鱼形目鱼类、3种骨鳔总目鱼类、1种狗鱼科鱼类、6种棘鳍类以及2种亲缘关系不明的分类群。这些组合与坎帕阶晚期组合不同，没有鲱形目鱼类，且存在鲈形目鱼类。在海尔克里克组内，我们记录了到白垩纪 - 古近纪（K - Pg）界线时最丰富分类群的相对丰度模式。最显著的是，棘鳍类在上部地层中丰度增加，而以科里奥普斯鱼和（或）洛帕迪奇斯鱼为代表的一组骨舌鱼形目鱼类的丰度同时下降。相反，一些硬骨鱼类在整个地层中表现出更稳定或略有波动的相对丰度（威尔逊鱼科、狗鱼科）。这些马斯特里赫特阶晚期硬骨鱼类组合比在相似埋藏条件下保存的怀俄明州始新世早期组合具有更高的多样性。这种模式表明，要么是西部内陆的新生代早期沉积物取样不足，要么是K - Pg大灭绝事件对非海洋硬骨鱼类产生了不利影响。
The diversity and distribution of nonmarine teleost fishes in the Western Interior of North America during the late Maastrichtian is documented based on isolated elements from vertebrate microfossil localities in the Hell Creek Formation of Montana, the Lance Formation of Wyoming, and the Scollard Formation of Alberta. A minimum of 20 taxa are recognized based on >1900 abdominal centra and tooth-bearing elements. These include two elopomorphs, six osteoglossomorphs, three ostariophysans, one esocid, six acanthomorphs, and two taxa of unknown relationships. These assemblages differ from late Campanian assemblages in the absence of the Clupeomorpha and the presence of the Perciformes. Within the Hell Creek Formation, we record patterns in the relative abundances of the most abundant taxa leading up to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary. Most notably, acanthomorphs increased in abundance upsection, whereas a group of osteoglossomorphs, represented by Coriops and (or) Lopadichthys, concurrently decreased in abundance. Conversely, some teleosts exhibited more stable or slightly fluctuating relative abundances throughout the formation (Wilsonichthyidae, Esocidae). These late Maastrichtian teleost assemblages are of higher diversity than an early Eocene assemblage from Wyoming preserved under similar taphonomic conditions. This pattern suggests either that lower Cenozoic deposits in the Western Interior are insufficiently sampled or that the K-Pg mass extinction event adversely affected nonmarine teleosts.