Radio Evolution of a Type IIb Supernova SN 2016gkg

Radio Evolution of a Type IIb Supernova SN 2016gkg
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IIb 型超新星 SN 2016gkg 的无线电演化

DOI:
10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c1e
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
G. Anupama
G. Anupama
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
N. A. J.;P. Chandra;A. Krishna;G. Anupama

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我们对一颗IIb型超新星(SN IIb),SN 2016 gkg,在爆炸后的t38 - 1429天内,在频率为ν = 0.33 - 25 GHz的情况下进行了广泛的无线电监测。详细的射电光变曲线和光谱与由于SN激波与星周介质相互作用而产生的自吸收同步辐射大致一致。该模型低估的流量密度在t = 299天postexplosion的一个因素为2,可能表明在拱星介质中的密度增强,由于不均匀的质量损失的祖先。假设风速v w = 200 km s−1,我们估计在爆炸前的208年、15年、25年、48年、87年和115年,质量损失率分别为M现在(2.2、3.6、3.8、12.6、3.7和5.0)×10−6 M yr−1。SN 2016 gkg的冲击波在爆炸后的t 24−492天内从R 0.5 × 1016 cm扩展到7 × 1016 cm,表明冲击波减速指数m 0.8(R t m),平均冲击波速度v 0.1c。无线电数据与自由-自由吸收模型不一致,更高的激波速度支持SN 2016 gkg相对紧凑的前身。
We present extensive radio monitoring of a Type IIb supernova (SN IIb), SN 2016gkg during t ∼ 8−1429 days postexplosion at frequencies ν ∼ 0.33−25 GHz. The detailed radio light curves and spectra are broadly consistent with self-absorbed synchrotron emission due to the interaction of the SN shock with the circumstellar medium. The model underpredicts the flux densities at t ∼ 299 days postexplosion by a factor of 2, possibly indicating a density enhancement in the circumstellar medium due to a nonuniform mass loss from the progenitor. Assuming a wind velocity v w ∼ 200 km s−1, we estimate the mass-loss rate to be Ṁ∼ (2.2, 3.6, 3.8, 12.6, 3.7, and 5.0) ×10−6 M ⊙ yr−1 during ∼8, 15, 25, 48, 87, and 115 yr, respectively, before the explosion. The shock wave from SN 2016gkg is expanding from R ∼ 0.5 × 1016 to 7 × 1016 cm during t ∼ 24−492 days postexplosion indicating a shock deceleration index, m ∼ 0.8 (R ∝ t m ), and mean shock velocity v ∼ 0.1c. The radio data are inconsistent with a free–free absorption model and higher shock velocities are in support of a relatively compact progenitor for SN 2016gkg.