LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN OLDER MEN AND WOMEN
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN OLDER MEN AND WOMEN
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DOI：
10.1093/geronj/46.6.p352
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发表时间：
1991-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
COLEMAN, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLUMENTHAL, JA;EMERY, CF;COLEMAN, RE
本研究的目的是确定与长达14个月的有氧运动训练相关的心理，行为和认知变化。在研究的前4个月，101名年龄较大（> 60岁）的男性和女性被随机分配到三个条件之一：有氧运动，瑜伽或等待名单对照组。在干预之前和之后，所有受试者都完成了一系列综合评估，包括情绪和认知功能的测量。采用半交叉设计，在完成第二次评估后，所有受试者完成4个月的有氧运动，并进行第三次评估。受试者可以选择参加另外6个月的有监督的有氧运动（总共14个月），所有受试者，无论其运动状态如何，都完成了第四次评估。结果表明，受试者在有氧运动4个月后，有氧能力提高了10-15%。然而，持续的锻炼与有氧能力的小幅增加有关。一般来说，有氧运动对认知能力的改善相对较少，尽管保持运动参与14个月的受试者在一些精神症状方面有所改善。然而，本研究中的健康受试者开始时的功能水平相对较高，运动训练可能会对伴有身体或情绪障碍的老年人产生更大的改善。
The purpose of this study was to determine the psychological, behavioral, and cognitive changes associated with up to 14 months of aerobic exercise training. For the first 4 months of the study, 101 older (> 60 years) men and women were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: Aerobic exercise, Yoga, or a Waiting List control group. Before and following the intervention, all subjects completed a comprehensive assessment battery, including measures of mood and cognitive functioning. A semi-crossover design was employed such that, following completion of the second assessment, all subjects completed 4 months of aerobic exercise and underwent a third assessment. Subjects were given the option of participating in 6 additional months of supervised aerobic exercise (14 months total), and all subjects, regardless of their exercise status, completed a fourth assessment. Results indicated that subjects experienced a 10-15% improvement in aerobic capacity after 4 months of aerobic exercise. Continued exercise, however, was associated with small increments in aerobic capacity. In general, there were relatively few improvements in cognitive performance associated with aerobic exercise, although subjects who maintained their exercise participation for 14 months experienced improvements in some psychiatric symptoms. However, the healthy subjects in this study were functioning at a relatively high level to begin with, and exercise training may produce greater improvements among elderly with concomitant physical or emotional impairments.