A Rare Allele of GS2 Enhances Grain Size and Grain Yield in Rice
A Rare Allele of GS2 Enhances Grain Size and Grain Yield in Rice
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GS2 的罕见等位基因可提高水稻的籽粒大小和产量。
DOI：
10.1016/j.molp.2015.07.002
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发表时间：
2015-10-05
期刊：
影响因子：
27.5
通讯作者：
Qian, Qian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Jiang;Wang, Yuexing;Qian, Qian
籽粒大小决定粒重，影响籽粒品质。几个主要的数量性状基因座（QTL）调节籽粒大小已被克隆，然而，我们的理解，调节水稻籽粒大小的潜在机制仍然是零碎的。在这里，我们报告了一个显性QTL的克隆和表征，染色体2（GS 2），它编码的生长调节因子4（OsGRF 4），转录调节因子。GS 2定位于细胞核并可作为转录激活因子。一种罕见的影响微小RNA结合位点的GS 2突变，OsmiR 396 c，导致GS 2/OsGRF 4表达升高。GS 2表达的增加导致更大的细胞和增加的细胞数量，从而提高了谷粒重量和产量。将GS 2/OsGRF 4基因导入水稻品种，可显著提高水稻粒重和产量，有望在水稻高产育种中应用。
Grain size determines grain weight and affects grain quality. Several major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) regulating grain size have been cloned; however, our understanding of the underlying mechanism that regulates the size of rice grains remains fragmentary. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a dominant QTL, GRAIN SIZE ON CHROMOSOME 2 (GS2), which encodes Growth-Regulating Factor 4 (OsGRF4), a transcriptional regulator. GS2 localizes to the nucleus and may act as a transcription activator. A rare mutation of GS2 affecting the binding site of a microRNA, OsmiR396c, causes elevated expression of GS2/OsGRF4. The increase in GS2 expression leads to larger cells and increased numbers of cells, which thus enhances grain weight and yield. The introduction of this rare allele of GS2/OsGRF4 into rice cultivars could significantly enhance grain weight and increase grain yield, with possible applications in breeding high-yield rice varieties.