EFFECTS OF ACUTE SUBCUTANEOUS NICOTINE ON ATTENTION, INFORMATION-PROCESSING AND SHORT-TERM-MEMORY IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE
EFFECTS OF ACUTE SUBCUTANEOUS NICOTINE ON ATTENTION, INFORMATION-PROCESSING AND SHORT-TERM-MEMORY IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02247426
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发表时间：
1992-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
GRAY, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JONES, GMM;SAHAKIAN, BJ;GRAY, JA
这项单盲、安慰剂对照研究报告了三种急性剂量的尼古丁(0.4、0.6和0.8毫克)对一组阿尔茨海默病(DAT)患者(n=22)、青年对照组(n=24)和正常老年对照组(n=24)的影响。这项研究扩展了我们之前在较小受试组中获得的发现。药物效应在三个计算机化测试中被检测：第一个测试测量快速视觉信息处理、持续的视觉注意和反应时间(RVIP任务)；与位置顺序匹配的延迟反应测试测量持续的视觉注意和视觉短期记忆(DRMLO任务)；以及手指敲击测试测量简单反应时间(FT任务)。关键闪光融合测试(CFF)被用作知觉和WAIS数字广度前进(DS)的测量。听觉短时记忆。测试的难度进行了评分，滴定以避免地板和天花板的影响，以便在组之间进行有意义的、直接的比较。尼古丁显著改善持续视觉注意(在RVIP和DRMLO任务中)、反应时(在FT和RVIP任务中)和知觉(CFF任务-上升和下降阈值)。尼古丁的使用并没有改善听觉和视觉的短期记忆。在控制组中，吸烟者和不吸烟者之间，或者任何一组中的男性和女性之间，没有一致的总体表现差异模式。尽管记忆功能没有改变，但这些结果表明，DAT患者有显著的知觉和视觉注意缺陷，而尼古丁的使用可以改善这些缺陷。强调了在未来的药物研究中测量多种能力的重要性，并从尼古丁对注意力、信息处理和短期记忆的作用方面讨论了结果。
This single-blind, placebo controlled study reports on the effects of administering three acute doses of nicotine (0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mg) subcutaneously to a group of Alzheimer's disease (DAT) patients (n = 22), young adult controls (n = 24), and normal aged controls (n = 24). The study extends our previous findings obtained using smaller groups of subjects. Drug effects were examined on three computerised tests: the first measuring rapid visual information processing, sustained visual attention and reaction time (RVIP task); a delayed response matching to location-order task measuring sustained visual attention and visual short-term memory (DRMLO task); and a finger tapping test measuring simple reaction time (FT task). The critical flicker fusion test (CFF) was used as a measure of perception and the WAIS digit span forwards (DS). of auditory short-term memory. Tests were graded in difficulty, titrated to avoid floor and ceiling effects so that meaningful, direct comparisons between groups could be made. Nicotine significantly improved sustained visual attention (in both RVIP and DRMLO tasks), reaction time (in both FT and RVIP tasks), and perception (CFF task - both ascending and descending thresholds). Nicotine administration did not improve auditory and visual short-term memory. There were no consistent, overall patterns of difference in performance between smokers and non-smokers in the control groups, or between males and females in any group. Despite the absence of change in memory functioning, these results demonstrate that DAT patients have significant perceptual and visual attentional deficits which are improved by nicotine administration. The importance of measuring multiple abilities in future drug studies is emphasized and results are discussed in terms of nicotine's actions on attention, information processing and short-term memory.