Problem-solving ability of inner-city children with and without in utero cocaine exposure
Problem-solving ability of inner-city children with and without in utero cocaine exposure
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DOI：
10.1097/00004703-199912000-00003
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发表时间：
1999-12-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hurt, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Betancourt, L;Fischer, R;Hurt, H
为了评估市中心一群接触可卡因的儿童和对照组的解决问题的能力，研究人员邀请孩子们玩Goodman Lock Box，这是一个红蓝相间的大盒子，有10个隔间，每个隔间都有不同的锁和玩具。考官对孩子们的分组状态视而不见，将孩子们在6.5分钟的游戏时间内的活动编码。19种行为被归结为三种结果：无目标行为、能力和心理组织。将小组的得分与古德曼标准化样本的社会经济地位混合学龄前儿童的得分进行比较。73名接触可卡因的儿童和82名对照儿童在3.5岁时被评估；其中58名可卡因暴露儿童和63名对照儿童在4.5岁时被重新评估。在两个时间点(p大于或等于0.22)，两组的得分在任何结果上都没有差异。然而，在每个年龄段，两组的精神组织得分都低于古德曼组(p<；.01)。这一高风险人群可能会在教室等更复杂的环境中遇到运作问题。
To evaluate the problem-solving abilities of a cohort of inner-city cocaine-exposed children and controls, children were invited to play with the Goodman Lock Box, a large red and blue box with 10 compartments, each having a different lock and toy. Examiners, blinded to the children's group status, coded the children's activities during the 6.5-minute play period. Nineteen behaviors were collapsed into three outcomes: Aimless Actions, Competence, and Mental Organization. Groups' scores were compared with scores of the Goodman standardization sample of mixed socioeconomic status preschoolers. Seventy-three cocaine-exposed children and 82 controls were evaluated at age 3.5 years; of these, 58 cocaine-exposed and 63 controls were reevaluated at age 4.5 years. The groups' scores did not differ on any outcome at either time point (p greater than or equal to .22). However, both groups' Mental Organization scores were consistently lower than the Goodman group at each age (p < .01). This highrisk cohort may experience problems functioning in more complex environments such as the classroom.