Experimental demonstration of memory-enhanced quantum communication
Experimental demonstration of memory-enhanced quantum communication
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-020-2103-5
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发表时间：
2020-03-23
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Lukin, M. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhaskar, M. K.;Riedinger, R.;Lukin, M. D.
在量子科学和工程中，长距离传达量子信息的能力至关重要（1）。尽管量子通信的某些应用（例如安全量子密钥分布（2,3）已经成功部署（4-7），但它们的范围目前受到光子损失的限制，并且不能使用直接的测量和重复策略进行扩展无条件安全性（8）。或者，利用中间量子存储节点和误差校正技术的量子中继器（9）可以扩展量子通道的范围。但是，他们的实施仍然是一个杰出的挑战（10-16），需要有效且高保真的量子记忆，门操作和测量结果。在这里，我们使用集成在纳米光子钻石谐振器（17-19）中的单个固态自旋存储器来实现异步光子钟形测量值，这是量子中继器的关键组成部分。在原则证明实验中，我们证明了高保真操作，该操作以超过理想损失等效直接传输方法的速度有效地传播，同时以Megahertz时钟速度运行。这些结果代表了迈向实用量子中继器和大规模量子网络的关键步骤（20,21）。使用固态自旋记忆来证明量子中继器功能，这有可能克服与长距离传输有关的光子损失量子信息。
The ability to communicate quantum information over long distances is of central importance in quantum science and engineering(1). Although some applications of quantum communication such as secure quantum key distribution(2,3) are already being successfully deployed(4-7), their range is currently limited by photon losses and cannot be extended using straightforward measure-and-repeat strategies without compromising unconditional security(8). Alternatively, quantum repeaters(9), which utilize intermediate quantum memory nodes and error correction techniques, can extend the range of quantum channels. However, their implementation remains an outstanding challenge(10-16), requiring a combination of efficient and high-fidelity quantum memories, gate operations, and measurements. Here we use a single solid-state spin memory integrated in a nanophotonic diamond resonator(17-19) to implement asynchronous photonic Bell-state measurements, which are a key component of quantum repeaters. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we demonstrate high-fidelity operation that effectively enables quantum communication at a rate that surpasses the ideal loss-equivalent direct-transmission method while operating at megahertz clock speeds. These results represent a crucial step towards practical quantum repeaters and large-scale quantum networks(20,21).A solid-state spin memory is used to demonstrate quantum repeater functionality, which has the potential to overcome photon losses involved in long-distance transmission of quantum information.