THE LAW OF PEAK-HOUR EXPRESSWAY CONGESTION
THE LAW OF PEAK-HOUR EXPRESSWAY CONGESTION
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发表时间：
1962-07
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通讯作者：
A. Downs
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作者：
A. Downs
本文研究了高峰时段交通拥堵及其与唐氏高峰时段交通拥堵定律支持的交通均衡理论之间的关系。该法规定，在城市通勤高速公路上，高峰时段的交通拥堵上升到最大容量。这一定律背后有一系列复杂的力量，我们通过提出一个通勤决策模型及其基本假设来分析这些力量。通过3种通勤场景或案例进一步讨论和说明交通均衡：1)只有汽车驾驶通勤者的城市；2)一个同时拥有汽车和公交车通勤者的城市；3)一个轨道公共交通与开车通勤者隔离的城市。
This paper examines peak-hour traffic congestion and the nature of its relationship to traffic equilibrium theory as supported by Down's Law of Peak-Hour Traffic Congestion. This Law states that on urban commuter expressways, peak-hour traffic congestion rises to meet maximum capacity. A complex set of forces lie behind this Law, which are analyzed by presentation of a model of commuter decision-making and its underlying set of assumptions. Traffic equilibrium is further discussed and illustrated through 3 commuting scenarios or cases: 1) a city with automobile-driving commuters only; 2) a city with both automobile-driving and bus-riding commuters; and 3) a city with segregated track public transit and automobile-driving commuters.