Advancement in HCC imaging: diagnosis, staging and treatment efficacy assessments - Imaging diagnosis and staging of hepatocellular carcinoma
Advancement in HCC imaging: diagnosis, staging and treatment efficacy assessments - Imaging diagnosis and staging of hepatocellular carcinoma
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DOI：
10.1007/s00534-009-0227-y
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lee, Jeong Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choi, Byung Ihn;Lee, Jeong Min
诊断确认和病变范围的评估是正确处理肝细胞癌患者的关键。影像检查在肝细胞癌的诊断和分期中起着至关重要的作用。通常用于诊断肝细胞癌的成像技术包括超声、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像。目前，成像技术的进步使得对肝硬变中肝细胞结节的非侵入性和可靠的诊断评估成为可能。在治疗前很少需要活检，而肝细胞癌的诊断很大程度上依赖于动态成像上的血流动力学特征(动脉血供丰富和静脉期出血)。准确的肝细胞癌分期对于决定预后和决定每个患者的最佳治疗方案是很重要的。此外，尽管人们迫切需要一种准确的诊断工具来检测较小的肿瘤，但到目前为止，放射科医生在肝硬变成像方面面临的主要挑战是确定肝硬变中小肝细胞结节的特征。包括弹性成像、灌注成像和扩散成像等功能成像在内的成像技术的进一步发展，以及新型造影剂的发展，无疑将提高小肿瘤的检测和定性。在这篇文章中，我们总结了最新的资料，关于肝癌的诊断和分期。
Diagnostic confirmation and assessment of disease extent are crucial for proper management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Imaging studies play a crucial role in the diagnosis and staging of HCC. The imaging techniques commonly used for the diagnosis of HCC include ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Currently, improvements in imaging technology make a noninvasive and reliable diagnostic assessment of hepatocellular nodules possible in the cirrhotic liver. Biopsy is infrequently required prior to treatment, and the diagnosis of HCC is strongly dependent on hemodynamic features (arterial hypervascularity and washout in the venous phase) on dynamic imaging. Accurate staging of HCC is important in determining prognosis and in deciding optimal treatment for each patient. In addition, although there is a strong demand for an accurate diagnostic tool to detect smaller tumors, until now, the major challenge for radiologists in imaging cirrhosis is the characterization of small hepatocellular nodules in the cirrhotic liver. Further improvement of imaging technologies including functional imaging such as elastography, perfusion imaging and diffusion imaging, and development of new contrast media will undoubtedly improve the detection and characterization of small tumors. In this article, we present a summary of the most recent information on the diagnosis and staging of HCC.