Shared and item-specific information in memory for event descriptions
Shared and item-specific information in memory for event descriptions
复制标题
内存中用于事件描述的共享信息和特定于项目的信息
作者：
R. Hunt;Jayne Ann Ausley;E. Schultz
如果你被要求记住一个句子所描述的事件，你的记忆会如何受到在同一背景下经历的相关事件数量的影响？这里报告的实验解决这个经验问题的理论框架内的关系和项目的具体信息。假设事件的共同特征和独特特征在回忆中都很重要，这两种类型的信息编码应该会产生最佳性能。进一步假设编码的信息类型，无论是共同的还是独特的，都受到操纵的影响，例如相关句子的数量和定向任务，回忆应该是集合大小和定向任务类型之间相互作用的产物。这些实验的结果与这一预测相一致。辅助分析支持解释这种相互作用的关系和项目的具体信息的差异可用性。研究结果在图式理论的脚本指针+标签假设的背景下进行了讨论。
If you are asked to remember an event described by a sentence, how will your memory be affected by the number of related events experienced in the same context? The experiments reported here address this empirical question within the theoretical framework of relational and item-specific information. Assuming that both common and distinctive features of events are important in recall, encoding of both types of information should produce optimal performance. Assuming further that the type of information encoded, either common or distinctive, is influenced by manipulations, such as the number of related sentences and the orienting task, recall should be a product of the interaction between set size and type of orienting task. The results of these experiments were consistent with this prediction. Subsidiary analyses supported the interpretation of this interaction in terms of the differential availability of relational and item-specific information. The results are discussed in the context of the script pointer + tag hypothesis of schema theory.