Millipede assassins and allies (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae, Tribelocephalinae): total evidence phylogeny, revised classification and evolution of sexual dimorphism
Millipede assassins and allies (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae, Tribelocephalinae): total evidence phylogeny, revised classification and evolution of sexual dimorphism
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DOI：
10.1111/syen.12232
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Weirauch, Christiane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forthman, Michael;Weirauch, Christiane
长期以来，科学家们一直对动物中两性二态性的进化感兴趣，但相对较少的研究在系统发育尺度上重建了极端两性二态性的进化模式，尤其是在昆虫中。千足虫（异翅目：Reduviidae：Ectrichodiinae；736 种）及其姐妹分类群 Tribelocephalinae（150 种）表现出从有限到极端的两性二态性，这种现象显然是由雌性形态调节的。在这里，我们利用形态学和分子数据（六个基因区域）重建了 Ectrichodiinae 和 Tribelocephalinae 亚科的第一个系统发育，具有全面的属代表性（72 属 152 个分类单元）。综合系统发育结果表明，Tribelocephalinae 与 Ectrichodiinae 是并系系，并且 Ectrichodiinae 本身是多系的。基于这些结果，我们将Tribelocephalinae与Ectrichodiinae syn.n.同义，描述了三个新的部落（Ectrichodiini trib.n.，Tribelocephalini trib.n.和Abelocephalini trib.n.）和两个新的亚族（Opistoplatyina subtrib.n.和Tribelocephalina subtrib.n.），并修订了Tribelocephalini sensu名词两性二态性的祖先状态重建重建了Ectrichodiinae sensu n祖先的有限两性二态性。进化枝内至少有七次进化转变为极端的性别二态性。本发表的作品已在ZooBank注册，本发表的作品已在ZooBank注册，http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C810E20F-D66A-461F-A0E6-AB1073EA3E3C。
Evolution of sexual dimorphism in animals has long been of interest to scientists, but relatively few studies have reconstructed evolutionary patterns of extreme sexual dimorphism at a phylogenetic scale, especially in insects. Millipede assassin bugs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae; 736 spp.) and their sister taxon, Tribelocephalinae (150 spp.), exhibit sexual dimorphism that ranges from limited to extreme, a phenomenon apparently modulated by female morphology. Here, we reconstruct the first phylogeny for the subfamilies Ectrichodiinae and Tribelocephalinae with comprehensive generic representation (152 taxa in 72 genera) using morphological and molecular data (six gene regions). The combined phylogenetic results indicate that Tribelocephalinae are paraphyletic with respect to Ectrichodiinae, and that Ectrichodiinae themselves are polyphyletic. Based on these results, we synonymize Tribelocephalinae with Ectrichodiinae syn.n., describe three new tribes (Ectrichodiini trib.n., Tribelocodiini trib.n., and Abelocephalini trib.n.) and two new subtribes (Opistoplatyina subtrib.n. and Tribelocephalina subtrib.n.), and revise Tribelocephalini sensu n. Ancestral state reconstruction of sexual dimorphism reconstructed limited sexual dimorphism in the ancestor of Ectrichodiinae sensu n. with at least seven evolutionary transitions to extreme sexual dimorphism within the clade. This published work has been registered in ZooBank, This published work has been registered in ZooBank,http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C810E20F-D66A-461F-A0E6-AB1073EA3E3C.