Wet Extrusion of Wood Powder Using a Cellulose Derivative
Wet Extrusion of Wood Powder Using a Cellulose Derivative
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使用纤维素衍生物湿法挤出木粉
DOI：
10.2524/jtappij.74.516
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Nonaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takuma Matsuoka;H. Nonaka
石油基塑料因其重量轻、成型性好、物理性能好、成本低等优点，目前被大量使用。全球塑料产量始于1930年左右，现已达到每年2.8亿吨，而且还在不断增加。同时，由于石油基塑料年产量的40%左右是单一的，石油基塑料成本低、重量轻、成型性好、使用量大，但微塑料对环境的污染被认为是严重的。在这项研究中，我们的目标是用天然材料取代它们，并使用一种纤维素衍生物羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)来开发木粉的湿法挤压。用毛细管流变仪研究了30℃下水分含量、HPMC比例和木粉粒度对挤出流动性的影响。木粉与HPMC的比例由8：2改为5：5，加水量为固形物质量的70%~233%并捏合。材料为具有屈服值的假塑性流动的非牛顿流体。水分、HPMC和较小的木屑均有改善流动性的趋势，尤其是含水率的影响较大。将捏合的材料挤出成管状，外径6 mm，风干后命名为“木质秸秆”。HPMC的比例越大，材料的直径越小，密度越大，强度越高。木粉、HPMC和水的混合物具有良好的挤压性，可以应用于其他成型方法来生产各种形状的全木质衍生材料。
Petroleum–based plastics are currently widely used in large quantities because of their light weight, moldability, physical properties, and low cost. Global production of plastics started around 1930 and has reached 280 million tons annually, and is increasing. Meanwhile, with approximately 40% of this annual production being single– Abstract Petroleum–based plastics are low in cost, light in weight, excellent in moldability, and used in large quantities, while environmental pollution by microplastics is considered serious. In this study, we aimed to replace them with natural materials and developed wet extrusion of wood powder using a cellulose derivative:hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The influence of the water content, HPMC ratio and wood powder particle size on the extrusion fluidity at 30°C was evaluated using a capillary rheometer. The ratio of wood powder and HPMC was changed from 8:2 to 5:5, and water was added at 70 to 233% relative to the solid weight and kneaded. The material was non–Newtonian fluid exhibiting pseudoplastic flow with a yield value. Water, HPMC and smaller wood particle tended to improve the fluidity, and the water content particularly had a large effect. The kneaded materials were successfully extruded into pipe–shape with outer diameter of 6 mm, air–dried and named “Wood straw”. The larger ratio of HPMC gave smaller diameter and higher density of the material, resulting in higher strength. It is possible that the mixture of wood powder, HPMC and water with good extrudablity could be applied to other molding methods to produce all–wood–derived material with various shapes.