Impact of punitive immigration policies, parent-child separation and child detention on the mental health and development of children
Impact of punitive immigration policies, parent-child separation and child detention on the mental health and development of children
复制标题
惩罚性移民政策、亲子分离和儿童拘留对儿童心理健康和发展的影响
作者：
Laura C N Wood
2018年4月，美国政府在美墨边境引入了一项‘零容忍’非法移民控制战略，导致所有因非法入境而等待联邦起诉的成年人被拘留，随后他们的孩子被带到美国各地单独的儿童收容所。截至2018年6月，超过2300名移民儿童，包括婴儿，因移民目的与父母分离。媒体报道和心烦意乱的家庭场景引发了全球对美国移民政策的谴责，以及对移民拘留做法的新批评。众所周知，全世界有100多个国家为移民目的拘留儿童，尽管大量研究表明这种政策具有广泛的危害性。本审查探讨了家庭分离和为移民目的拘留儿童的主要潜在影响，包括破坏的依恋关系、精神创伤、有毒压力和对移民社区的更广泛的有害影响。因此，东道国政府必须停止以移民管制为目的的家庭分离和儿童拘留做法，并促进移徙后政策，以保护儿童免受进一步伤害，促进复原力，并使其能够恢复。
In April 2018, the US government introduced a ‘zero tolerance’ illegal immigration control strategy at the US-Mexico border resulting in the detention of all adults awaiting federal prosecution for illegal entry and the subsequent removal of their children to separate child shelters across the USA. By June 2018, over 2300 immigrant children, including infants, had been separated from their parents for immigration purposes. Media reports and scenes of distraught families ignited global condemnation of US immigration policy and fresh criticism of immigration detention practices. Detention of children for immigration purposes is known to be practised in over 100 countries worldwide, despite a significant body of research demonstrating the extensive harm of such policies. This review explores and contextualises the key potential impacts of family separation and detention of children for immigration purposes including damaged attachment relationships, traumatisation, toxic stress and wider detrimental impacts on immigrant communities. As such, it is critical for host nation governments to cease the practice of family separation and child detention for immigration control and promote postmigration policies that protect children from further harm, promote resilience and enable recovery.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1556-4797.2010.01051.x
发表时间：
2010-11-01
期刊：
NAPA bulletin
影响因子：
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作者：
Pérez-Escamilla R;Garcia J;Song D
通讯作者：
Song D